-
upper trapezius
O- occiptal bone, nuchal ligament
I- outer third of clavicle, acromion process
A- scapular elevation, upward rotation
N- spinal accessory (XI)
-
middle trapezius
O- spinous processes C7-T3
I- scapular spine
A- scapular retraction
N- spinal accessory (XI)
-
lower trapezius
O- spinous processes of middle and lower thoracic vertebrae
I- base of the scapular spine
A- scapular depression and upward rotation
N- spinal accessory (XI)
-
levator scapula
O- transverse processes of first 4 cervical vertebrae
I- vertebral border of scapula between the superior angle and spine
A- scapular elevation and downward rotation
N- 3rd and 4th cervical nn.
-
rhomboids
O- spinous processes of C7-T5
I- vertebral border of scapula between the spine and inferior angle
A- scapular retraction an downward rotation
N- dorsal scapular n.
-
serratus anterior
O- lateral surface of the upper 8 ribs
I- vertebral border of the scapula, anterior surface
A- scapular protraction and upward rotation
N- long thoracic n.
-
pectoralis minor
O- anterior surface 3rd-5th ribs
I- coracoid process of the scapula
A- scapular depression, protraction, downward rotation, scapular tilt
-
anterior deltoid
O- lateral third of the clavicle
I- deltoid tuberosity
A- shoulder flexion, IR, horizontal add.
N- axillary n.
-
middle deltoid
O- acromion process
I- deltoid tuberosity
A- shoulder abd.
N- axillary n.
-
posterior deltoid
O- spine of scapula
I- deltoid tuberosity
A- shoulder extension, hyperextension, ER, horizontal abd.
N- axillary n.
-
supraspinatus
O- supraspinous fossa of scapula
I- greater tubercle of the humerus
A- shoulder abd.
N- suprascapular n.
-
clavicular portion of pectoralis major
O- medial third of clavicle
I- lateral lip of biciptal groove of humerus
A- shoulder flex. to approx. 90
N- lateral and medial pectoral n.
-
Sternal portion of pectoralis major
O- sternum, costal cartilage of first 6 ribs
I- lateral lip of bicipital groove of humerus
A- shoulder extension to approx. 90
N- medial and lateral pectoral n.
-
pectoralis major
A- shoulder add., IR, horizontal add
N- lateral and medial pectoral n.
-
latissimus dorsi
O- spinous processes of T7-L5 (via dorsolumbar fascia)
I- medial lip of bicipital groove of humerus
A- shoulder ext., add., IR, hyperextension
N- thoracodorsal n.
-
teres major
O- axillary border of scapula near inferior angle
I- crest below lesser tubercle next to latissimus dorsi attachment anteriorly
A- ext., add., IR
N- subscapular n.
-
infraspinatus
O-infraspinous fossa of scapula
I- greater tubercle of humerus
A- shouler ER, horizontal abd.
N- suprascapular n.
-
teres minor
O- axillary border of scapula
I- greater tubercle of humerus
A- shoulder ER, horizontal abd.
N- axillary n.
-
subscapularis
O- subscapular fossa of scapula
I- lesser tubercle of humerus
A- shoulder IR
N- subscapular n.
-
coracobrachialis
O- coracoid process of scapula
I- medial surface of humerus near the midpoint
A- stabilizes the shoulder jt
N- musculocutaneous n.
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