Intro to Medical Science

Syncope is _____________.
A. hypertension
B. lightheadedness
C. fluid retention
D. shortness of breath

Diastole is the _____________.
A. filling phase of the heart
B. contracting phase of the heart
C. alternation between relaxation and excitation of the heart
D. impulse of the heart

The major cholesterol carreir in the blood is ____________.
A. LDL
B. blood
C. HDL
D. triglycerides

Blockage of the ____________ can reduce blood supply to the brain, causing a stroke.
A. pulmonary artery
B. carotid artery
C. aorta
D. coronary artery

The most common cause of an aortic aneurysm is _____________.
A. enlarged artery
B. atherosclerosis
C. hypertension
D. embolism

A procedure invovling insertion of a ballong-tipped catheter into the femoral artery to the hearts is called _________.
A. angioplasty
B. echocardiography
C. defibrillator
D. transcatheter procedure

The mitral valve is located ___________.
A. inthe atria
B. between the right atrium and the right ventricle
C. between the left atrium and the left ventricle
D. in the ventricle

The pacemaker of the heart is the _____________.
A. sinoatrical node
B. ventricle
C. artioventricular valve
D. His-Purkinje fibers

An inflammatory disease of the heart muscle _____________.
A. pericardial disease
B. myocarditis
C. coronary heart disease
D. cardiomyopathy

Rheumatic heart disease is also known as a (n) __________ disease because it resutls from a reaction between bacterial antigens and the pateint's antibodies.
A. hemolytic
B. autoimmune
C. vegetative
D. tricuspid valve

The most important component of red blood cells is ___________.
A. hemoglobin
B. folic acid
C. vitamin b12
D. erythropoietin

In anemia of chronic disease and anemia of chronic renal failure, the defect in the sythesis of red blood cells is due to a lack of _____________.
A. iron
B. erythropoeisis
C. hemoglobin
D. folic acid

Pernicious anemia is due to inadequate absorption of ____________.
A. vitamin b12
B. erythropoietin
C. folic acid
D. hemoglobin

The minimum daily requirement of folic acid is about __________ micrograms.
A. 50
B. 100
C. 200
D. 150

Disorders affecting the structure and function or production of hemoglobin are classified as _____________.
A. folic acid deficiency anemia
B. iron deficiency anemia
C. hemoglobinopathy
D. hemolytic anemia

Deficient synthesis of one or more of the alpha or beta chains of the hemoglobin molecule is characteristic of _____________.
A. iron deficiency
B. thalassemia
C. sickle cell anemia
D. hemolytic anemia

A disease of increased viscosity of the blood with associate neurological symptoms is known as __________.
A. sickle cell anemia
B. thalassima
C. polycythemia vera
D. disseminated intravascular coagulation

____________ is an autoimmune disorder resulting in destruction of platelets.
A. Hemophillia A
B. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
C. Polycythemia vera
D. Disseminated intravascular coagulation

________________ is an X-linked recessive disorder that primarily affects males and results in a deficiency of clotting factor VIII.
A. Polycythemia vera
B. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
C. isseminated intravascular coagulation
D. Hemophillia A

_________ is a reduction in circulating red blood cells that increases the risk for severe bacterial and fungal infections.
A. Thrombocytopenia
B. Hemophillia
C. Coagulopathy
D. Neutropenia

Which of the following can cause chronic uremia?
A. complications of pregnancy
B. severe dehydration
C. diabetes mellitus
D. surgical shock

What is inflammation of the kidney tissue known as?
A. pyelonephritis
B. diabetic nephropathy
C. hydronephrosis
D. polycystic kidney

What is inflammation restricted to the renal pelvis called?
A. congential cystic kidney
B. pyelitis
C. pyelonephritis
D. glomerulonephritis

Which disease or condition features a breath odor similar to the ammonia-like odor of urine?
A. tuberculosis
B. pyelonephritis
C. glomerulonephritis
D. uremia

Which of the following is TRUE about urinary tract infections?
A. usually exhibit dysuria, urgency, and frequency
B. do not respond to antibiotic
C. are more common in males
D. are commonly caused by a virus

Which form of kidney dialysis permits a patient to retain mobility?
A. ileal shunt
B. hemodialysis
C. hemolysis
D. peritoneal dialysis

The inability to control urination is called ____________.
A. micturition
B. incontinence
C. anuria
D. nocturia

What dietary restriction helps to prevent uric acid calculi?
a. protein
d. dairy products
c. pasta and citrus
d. spinach, cabbage, and tomatoes

What primarily causes the edema associated with nephritic syndrome?
A. hyperalbuminuria
B. lower GFR
C. hypertension
D. decreased plasma protein

Which of the following includes a reduced sensitivity to ADH, incontinence, and increased urination frequency?
A. aging
B. stress
C. over hydration
D. excess nitrogen intake

Calcuim (oxalate, phosphate) is the most common form of renal calculus. True or False