Intro to Medical Science

Syncope is _____________.
A. shortness of breath
B. lightheadedness
C. hypertension
D. fluid retention

Diastole is the _____________.
A. alternation between relaxation and excitation of the heart
B. impulse of the heart
C. contracting phase of the heart
D. filling phase of the heart

The major cholesterol carreir in the blood is ____________.
A. triglycerides
B. HDL
C. LDL
D. blood

Blockage of the ____________ can reduce blood supply to the brain, causing a stroke.
A. pulmonary artery
B. coronary artery
C. carotid artery
D. aorta

The most common cause of an aortic aneurysm is _____________.
A. enlarged artery
B. hypertension
C. embolism
D. atherosclerosis

A procedure invovling insertion of a ballong-tipped catheter into the femoral artery to the hearts is called _________.
A. echocardiography
B. angioplasty
C. transcatheter procedure
D. defibrillator

The mitral valve is located ___________.
A. in the ventricle
B. inthe atria
C. between the right atrium and the right ventricle
D. between the left atrium and the left ventricle

The pacemaker of the heart is the _____________.
A. artioventricular valve
B. ventricle
C. His-Purkinje fibers
D. sinoatrical node

An inflammatory disease of the heart muscle _____________.
A. coronary heart disease
B. cardiomyopathy
C. pericardial disease
D. myocarditis

Rheumatic heart disease is also known as a (n) __________ disease because it resutls from a reaction between bacterial antigens and the pateint's antibodies.
A. hemolytic
B. tricuspid valve
C. vegetative
D. autoimmune

The most important component of red blood cells is ___________.
A. vitamin b12
B. hemoglobin
C. erythropoietin
D. folic acid

In anemia of chronic disease and anemia of chronic renal failure, the defect in the sythesis of red blood cells is due to a lack of _____________.
A. folic acid
B. erythropoeisis
C. hemoglobin
D. iron

Pernicious anemia is due to inadequate absorption of ____________.
A. vitamin b12
B. folic acid
C. erythropoietin
D. hemoglobin

The minimum daily requirement of folic acid is about __________ micrograms.
A. 150
B. 100
C. 200
D. 50

Disorders affecting the structure and function or production of hemoglobin are classified as _____________.
A. hemolytic anemia
B. iron deficiency anemia
C. folic acid deficiency anemia
D. hemoglobinopathy

Deficient synthesis of one or more of the alpha or beta chains of the hemoglobin molecule is characteristic of _____________.
A. sickle cell anemia
B. hemolytic anemia
C. thalassemia
D. iron deficiency

A disease of increased viscosity of the blood with associate neurological symptoms is known as __________.
A. sickle cell anemia
B. polycythemia vera
C. disseminated intravascular coagulation
D. thalassima

____________ is an autoimmune disorder resulting in destruction of platelets.
A. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
B. Hemophillia A
C. Disseminated intravascular coagulation
D. Polycythemia vera

________________ is an X-linked recessive disorder that primarily affects males and results in a deficiency of clotting factor VIII.
A. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
B. Hemophillia A
C. isseminated intravascular coagulation
D. Polycythemia vera

_________ is a reduction in circulating red blood cells that increases the risk for severe bacterial and fungal infections.
A. Coagulopathy
B. Neutropenia
C. Thrombocytopenia
D. Hemophillia

Which of the following can cause chronic uremia?
A. surgical shock
B. diabetes mellitus
C. severe dehydration
D. complications of pregnancy

What is inflammation of the kidney tissue known as?
A. diabetic nephropathy
B. pyelonephritis
C. hydronephrosis
D. polycystic kidney

What is inflammation restricted to the renal pelvis called?
A. glomerulonephritis
B. pyelitis
C. pyelonephritis
D. congential cystic kidney

Which disease or condition features a breath odor similar to the ammonia-like odor of urine?
A. tuberculosis
B. glomerulonephritis
C. uremia
D. pyelonephritis

Which of the following is TRUE about urinary tract infections?
A. usually exhibit dysuria, urgency, and frequency
B. are more common in males
C. do not respond to antibiotic
D. are commonly caused by a virus

Which form of kidney dialysis permits a patient to retain mobility?
A. hemodialysis
B. ileal shunt
C. hemolysis
D. peritoneal dialysis

The inability to control urination is called ____________.
A. micturition
B. incontinence
C. anuria
D. nocturia

What dietary restriction helps to prevent uric acid calculi?
a. protein
d. dairy products
c. pasta and citrus
d. spinach, cabbage, and tomatoes

What primarily causes the edema associated with nephritic syndrome?
A. hyperalbuminuria
B. lower GFR
C. hypertension
D. decreased plasma protein

Which of the following includes a reduced sensitivity to ADH, incontinence, and increased urination frequency?
A. over hydration
B. excess nitrogen intake
C. aging
D. stress

Calcuim (oxalate, phosphate) is the most common form of renal calculus. True or False