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How does illness result?
when immune system does not neutralize foreign substances (antigens)
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Rhinovirus
- common cold
- begins scratchy throat, stuffed-up nose, water discharge and sneezing
- second batch produce thick yellow nasal discharge, watering eyes, mild fever, malaise, myalgia
- colds meds, balanced diet, 65 oz of water
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Influenza
- flu
- fever, chills, malaise, weakness, sweating, fatigue
- bed rest and supportive care
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Infectious mononucleosis
- Epstein-Barr virus (member of herpes group), transmitted through saliva
- first 3-5 days: severe fatigue, loss of appetite
- 5-15 days: fever, swollen lymph nodes
- supportive symptomatic treatment, acetaminophen
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Sinusitis
- upper respiratory infection
- nasal mucous swell and block ostium of paranasal sinus
- headache and malaise, purulent nasal discharge
- antibiotics, steam inhalation, nasal sprays
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Pharyngitis
- sore throat
- pain with swallowing, fever, inflamed and swollen glands, malaise
- throat culture, topical gargles, rest, antibiotics
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Acute Bronchitis
- infectious winter disease that follows common cold
- fever last 3-5 days, cough 2-3 weeks
- nasal inflammation, slight fever, sore throat, back muscle pain
- avoid cold environments, rest, drink water
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Pneumonia
- infection of alveoli and bronchioles from viral, bacterial or fungal microorganisms
- high fever, chills, pain on inspiration, coughing
- antibiotics, perform deep breathing exercises
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Bronchial Asthma
- caused by viral respiratory tract infection, emotional upset, exercise, exposure to allergen
- difficulty breathing, may cause hyperventilation resulting in dizziness, coughing, shortness of breath and fatigue
- regular exercise, appropriate warm up and cool down, inhaler
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Viral Infections
- Rhinovirus (common cold)
- Influenza (flu)
- Infectious Mononucleosis (mono)
- Rubeola (measles)
- Parotitis (mumps)
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Respiratory Conditions
- Tonsilitis
- Seasonal Atopic (Allergic) Rhinitis
- Pharyngitis (sore throat)
- Acute Bronchitis
- Pneumonia
- Bronchial Asthma
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Seasonal Atopic (Allergic) Rhinitis
- hay fever, pollinosis from airborne pollens
- eyes, throat, mouth and nose itch, watering eyes, sneezing, sinus type headache, difficulty sleeping, swollen eyes
- oral antihistamines and decongestants
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Nervous System
- Meningitis
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Amyotropic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's Disease)
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Meningitis
- inflammation of meninges surrounding spinal cord & brain
- high fever, stiff neck, intense headache, sensitive to light and sound
- progress to vomiting, convulsions, coma
- cerebrospinal fluid must be analyzed, isolated for 24 hours, antibiotics
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Multiple Sclerosis
- causes deterioration and damage to myelin sheath, disrupting nerve conduction
- blurred vision, speech deficits, muscle weakness, tremor spasticity, neurotic behavior, mood swings
- avoid over exertion, extreme temperatures, exercise, drugs
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Amyotropic Lateral Disease
- Lou Gehrig's Disease
- sclerosis of lateral regions of spinal cord along degeneration of motor neurons and significant atrophy
- difficulty in speaking, swallowing and use of hands
- sensory and intellectual function remain intact, rapid progression of atrophy resulting in paralysis
- no cure
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Blood and Lymph Disorders
- Iron Deficiency Anemia
- Runners Anemia (hemolysis)
- Sickle Cell Anemia
- Hemophilia
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Sickle Cell Anemia
- hereditary hemolytic anemia - RBC's are sickle or crescent shaped (irregular hemoglobin)
- less ability to carry oxygen, limited ability to pass through vessels causing clogging of vessels
- fever, muscle weakness, pain in limbs, spleen pain
- anticoagulants and analgesics for pain
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Diabetes Mellitus
- Type I (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus)
- Type II (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus)
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The Female Athlete Triad
relationship between disordered eating, amenorrhea and osteoporosis
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