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The flashcards below were created by user
abrisson05
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
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- author "me"
- tags "11?"
- description ""
- fileName "fn2 test 4 Ch 46"
- freezingBlueDBID -1.0
- pedriatric airway differences
- shorter and narrower
- cartilage in neck more flexible and easier to compress with poor positioning
- mouth breathing not capable until 2-3 months old
- at birth only 25million alveoli which are not developed
- oxygen consumption is higher
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general nursing care acute resp tract infection
- warm or cool mist
- bed rest
- remove secretions
- decongestants
- acetaminophen or ibuprofen
- prevent spread by using tissues and handwashing
- cool liquids
- small amounts of favorite liquids
- feed gelatin, soups, and puddings
- provide comfort and support
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Lower resp
- Voacl cords
- Thryoid and cricoid cartilage
- Larnyx
- Esophagus
- Trachea
- Alveoli
- Bronchi
- Lung
- Bronchioles
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Nasopharyngitis
Aka
Management
Complications
Nurse care
- Aka common cold
- Viral infection
- M-rest, decongestants, cold compresses
- C- pneumonia
- N-prevent spread from secretions and hand washing
- Family support- normal part of childhood
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Pharyngitis
Aka
Complications
Manifestations
Diagnosis
Management
Nursing care
- Aka strep throat
- C-rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis
- M- headache, fever, abdominal pain
- D- 80-90% viral
- M-penicillin, erythromycin
- N- throat swab, warm saline gargles, prevent spread, replace toothbrush
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Tonsillitis
Cause
Manifest
Nursing care
- C- often occurs with pharyngitis; viral or bacterial
- M- inflammation
- N- symptom management
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Tonsillectomy nursing care
- Pain relief: opioids, antiemetic
- Diet; liquid or soft (crushed ice, ice pops)
- Monitor: hemorrhage (tachycardia, pallor, frequent swallowing)
- Discourage: coughins, clearing throat or blowing nose
- Discharge: avoid irritating and seasoned food; avoid gargles & vigoruos tooth brushing; avid putting objects in mouth; pain management; limit activity
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Influenza
Manifestations
Management
Nursing care
- Spreads by direct contact
- M- dry throat, nasal passages, dry cough, hoarseness; last 4-5days
- M- fever control & fluids
- Prevent spread
- Immunizations
- N- same as uri
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Otitis media
risk factors
Cause
Diagnosis
Management
- Ear infection
- Prevalent in children under 24months
- R- sceond hand smoke, socioeconomic level, contact with other children; breast feeding lowers incidence
- C- malfunctioning eustachian tubes
- D-exam of tympanic membrane
- M; antibiotics(high dose amoxicillin), fever, pain
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Nursing care for otitis edia
- Relieve pain
- Facilitate drainage
- Prevent complications
- Educate family
- Provide emotional support
- P.e. Tubes
- Paincontrol
- Keep outer ear clean
- Education regarding water in ears
- Anitbiotics
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Infectious mononucleosis
- Common among adolescents
- Mechanism of spread not proven
- Incubation 30-50days
- Length of disease depends on age
- M-headache, fever, malaise; no antibiotics unless culture +
- Acute symptoms disappear in 7-10 days; fatigue lasts 204wks
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Nursinf care Mono
- Provide comfort
- Provide sufficient calories
- Throat pain
- Seek medical care when warranted
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Coup
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
- S- inspiratory strido, barking cough, hoarseness, tachypnea
- D- pulse oximeter, chest x ray, throat culture
- T- humidified oxygen, nebulizer, monitoring
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Epiglottitis
Def
Symptoms
- Inflammation od epiglottis
- Can occur in minutes
- S: fever, sore throat
- -dysphonia
- -dysphasia
- -inspiratory stridor
- -respiratory distress
- -drooling, tripod position
- -anxiety
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Asthma
Def
Causes
Symptoms
- D- chronic inflammatory disorder of airways resulting in obstruction resulting from stimuli
- C- enrivonmental exposures, viral illness, allergens and generic predispositions are all causes
- S- sudden appearance of breathing difficulty, cough, wheeze, or SOB
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Goals of management of asthma
- Continuous approach with regular primary care visits
- Prevention of exacerbation includes avoiding triggers, avoiding allergens, using meds as needed
- Therapy includes efforts to reduce underlying inflammation and relive or prevent symptomatic airway narrowing
- Therapy includes: pt. Ed, environmental control, pharm. Management, use of objective measure to monitor severity of disease and guide the course of therapy
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Exercise induced bronchspams
Self terminating airway obstruction that develops during or after vigorous activity
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Status asthmaticus
- Sustained respiratory distess and bronchspsm despite pharm intervention
- Risk is respiratory arrest due to obstruction
- Care is in PICU where airway can be maintained
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Nursing care status asthmaticus
- Acute and long term care involving home, hospital, school, & outpt. Clinical
- Assess how asthma affects everyday activities and self concept, adgerence to therapy, treatment goal
- Avoid sensitive children to excessive cold, smoke, sprays, other irritants
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Cystic fibrosis
- Inherited autosomal recessive disorder of exocrine glands (alters resp, gi, skin, muscoloskeletal, reproductive)
- Respiratory failure is leading cause of death
- Metabolic fnctn is severely altered due to excessive electrolye imbalances
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Management goals for CF
- Prevent or minimize pulmonary complications
- Ensure adequate nutrition for growth
- Enourage appropriate physical activity
- Promote reasonable quality of lofe for child and family
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Hospital care for CF
- TX of pulmonary infection, uncontrolled diabetes, coexisting problem unable to manage at home
- Need aerosol tx, chest percussion, postural drainage, removal of secretions
- Edu complaince of meds, esp pancreatic enzymes
- Promote nutrition with loss of appetite and ensuring proper growth wt loss
- Psychosocial issues such as depression, anxiety, body image disturbance
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