Immunology

The study of the reactions of a host when foreign substances are introduced into the body

Foreign substances that induce such an immune response

The condition of being resistant to infections.

Discovery of small pox vaccine

—Deliberately exposing an individual to material from smallpox lesions to reduce effects of the disease

—Procedure of injecting immunogenic material into the body to induce immunity

—Live organisms that have been changed by heat, age, or chemical means

Protection that is always present

Protection that arises by an immune response

Substances, usually proteins, present in any bodily fluid

—Innate and adaptive further divided into:

—Serum factors in the blood formed in response to exposure to foreign substances

The study of the noncellular components in the blood

Process by which particulate antigens, such as cells, aggregate to form larger complexes when a specific antibody is present

The combination of a soluble antigen with a soluble antibody to produce visible insoluble complexes

Functions in early stages of host defense in response to an antigen

When antigen causes a disease, it is a?

Cells engulf and degrade antigen

What are the two populations of phagocytes?

Soluble proteins that regulate immune responses

Defend against virally infected cells and some tumor cells.

—Main host defense mechanism activated in response to parasitic infections, particularly helminths.

When basophils degranulate in excessive amounts, an enormous hypersensitivity results

—They are the most potent phagoctyic cell in the tissues

Most widely used indicator of acute inflammation
—Latex agglutination test for elevated levels in the serum

—A series of serum proteins that are normally present
Overall function: Mediation of inflammation

Mechanisms activated in tissue damage referred to a:

Designed for antigens and antibodies very small in size or in very low concentrations

Indicator-Labeled Immunoassays:
The presence of antigens or antibodies is determined _____________ by using a labeled reagent.

Make it possible to quantitate antigen or antibody

Labels:
The substance to be measured is known as an

Indicator labels for immunoassays fall into four broad categories:

The key cell involved in the immune response

Two primary lymphoid organs

Effector cells serving a regulatory role

Produce antibody

Large, granular, & plays a role in both the innate &
adaptive immune response