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Blood Vessels
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Blood Vessels
A CLOSED SYSTEMS of roadways used for transport
Pulmonary Circuit
Less than 9% blood
Oxygenation of
B
LOOD
Path:
Right
ventricles -->
Lungs -->
Left
Atrium
Systemic Circuit
About 84% of blood
Oxygenation of
TISSUE
Left
Ventricle -->
Body -->
Right
Atrium
Layers of vessel wall
Outwards ---> in
Tunica Externa
Tunica Media
Tunica Intima
Tunica Intima (Interna)
Deepest layer (contact w blood)
Endothelial layer + Basal Lamina
ARTERIES
have
ElASTIC MEMBRANE
Tunica Media
Middle layer
Smooth Muscle
layer Can contract-
Vasoconstriction
ARTERIES
have elastic fibers
&
ELASTIC MEMBRANE
Tunica Externa (Adventitia)
Superficial Layer (attaches to other vessels & organs)
CT (Elastic & Collagen fibers)
Blood Pressure Hill
Aorta
Arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries
Venules
Veins
Vena Cavae
Arteries
Carry Blood
AWAY
from heart
-Often carry Oxygenated blood
Show
Contractability
&
elasticity
Sometimes handles dramatic
BLOOD PRESSURE
changes
May be either
ELASTIC ARTERIES
or
MUSCULAR ARTERIES
Elastic Arteries
Conducting Arteries
Muscular Arteries
Distribution Arteries
Conducting Arteries Characteristics
Move LG amount of blood away from heart
LG Diameter (1 in)
-
THIN
Vessel Wall
LG amount of elastic fibers
-
Less smooth muscle
LG Pressure changes
Conducting Arteries EXAMPLES
Pulmonary Arteries
Aorta
Common Carotid
Subclavian
Common Iliac arteries
Disctibution Arteries (CHARACTERISTICS)
Move blood to
muscle
& i
nternal organs
Small diameter
-
THICK
vessel wall
LG Vessel Wall
LG amount of smooth muscle
LESS ELASTIC FIBERS
Undergo vasodilation & vasoconstriction
Distribution Arteries EXAMPLES
Brachial arteries
External Carotid
Femoral
Mesenteric Arteries
Arterioles
Same tunics as arteries much thinner
Eventually lose tunica externa
Have scattered smooth muscle fibers
IMPORTANt in
directing blood flow
Towards, or away from, organs
Major site for:
Vasoconstriction
Vasodilation
Capillaries
1 layer (tunic) thick (endothelium & basal lamina)
Microscopic diameter (single RBC can pass)
Located w/in organs
lose fluid @ arteriole end Raise BP
Reclain fluid @ Venule-- Lower BP
Site for diffusion : Gases, nutrients, Waste, Fluid
Capillaries Lose fluid @
Arteriole and RAISE pressure
Reclaim fluid at venule and LOWER pressure
Precapillary Sphincters
Tiny Strips of smooth muscle surrounding capillary branches
Act as valves to regulate blood flow through capillary beds
(Skin
: Skin Vascular beds)
Venules
Tunica Externa
Tunica Media
Tunica Interna
Begins flow
towards heart
VERY
LOW Blood Pressure
Blood USUALLY
low in oxygen
Venules
combine to form veins
Veins
3 Tunics Thinner walls larger Lumen
-Lil ability to contract or recoil
- Display dispensibility
- Can hold a lot of blood
Superficial & Deep set of veins
Blood ca nbe "shunted" directed
Veins Pressure
Very low
Too low to move blood
Movement of Blood through veins
One way valves
Muscular Contractions
Breathing (Thorocolumbar Pump)
One way Valves
Prevent backflow
Partition blood into sections
Mainly found in limbs
Muscular Contractions
Veins positioned near skeletal muscle in limbs
Muscle "
squeezes
" on wall of vein
Breathing (Thorocolumbar Pump)
PUMPS
blood in anterior cavity
Vericose Vei ns
Breakdown of valve structure
Valve no longer one way
Blood Backflows
Usually in legs
Arteries GENERAL appearances
Round
No valves
Smaller Lumen
Thicker Walls
Veins GENREAL Appearances
Flattened
Valves
Larger Lumen
Thinner Walls
Arteries TUNICA INTERNA
RIPPLED
Internal ELASTIC MEMBRANE
Veins TUNICA INTERNA
SMOOTH
NO elastic membrane
Arteries TUNICA Media
Many
elastic Fibers
Elastic Membrane
Veins TUNICA MEDIA
NO
elastic fibers
NO
Elastic membrane
Arteries TUNICA EXTERNA
Elastic & Collagen Fibers
Veins Tunica Externa
Elastic & Collagen fibers
Smooth Muscle fibers
Author
leti5637
ID
152830
Card Set
Blood Vessels
Description
Unit 4 Blood vessels
Updated
2012-05-20T20:33:47Z
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