Comprehensive 7th Grade Science

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  1. When should you wear safety goggles in a laboratory?
    Dealing with glass, fire, chemicals
  2. What should you do if you find a broken test tube while doing an experiment?
    Tell the teacher
  3. What science equipment is used to measure the mass of an object?
    balance
  4. What piece of equipment would be most appropriate to observe and illustrate the parts of a cell?
    microscope
  5. What are the two organelles found in plant cells that are not found in animal cells?
    Cell wall and chloroplast
  6. In which plant cell organelle can you find photosynthesis?
    chloroplast
  7. What are known as the building blocks of all living things?
    Cells
  8. Why is a whale so much larger than a shrew?
    genetics
  9. Which organelle is known as the “power house” of the cell?
    mitochondria
  10. What is the order of the levels of organization of an organism from simplest to most complex?
    __cells__ [][]__tissues___ __organ__ __organ systems__ ___organism__
  11. Our heart is an example of a(n)
    organ
  12. What is the function of the muscular system?
    Allow movement
  13. Which part of the bone are blood cells produced?
    marrow
  14. What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system?
    Support body, give shape, protection, make minerals and blood cells
  15. Explain what a joint in our body does.
    2 or more bones meet, movement
  16. What is work? Give an example of work being done.
    Force is ised to move an object
  17. The process by which the body obtains and uses oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide is called
    respiration
  18. What do your bicep muscles and the bones in your arms allow you to do?
    lift
  19. What happens to the lungs when the diaphragm contracts? What does inflate and deflate mean?
    Inhale and exhale air
  20. After exercising a person’s breathing rate increases. This is an example of our body maintaining
    steady heart beat
  21. Which two systems work together to provide oxygen to cells of the body?
    Respiratory and circulatory
  22. Name the organs of the circulatory system.
    Heart, vein, artery
  23. What is an arteries function in the circulatory system?
    Carry away blood from the heart
  24. What are the four parts of blood, and what are their functions?
    Red, white, platelets, plasma
  25. List the four types of blood.
    Red, white, platelets, plasma
  26. Name the 3 layers of the skin.
    Epidermis, dermis, melanin
  27. What is the largest organ of our body?
    skin
  28. What are the 5 functions of the integumentary system?
    Protection, sensory response, formation of vitamin D, regulate body temperature, rid body of waste
  29. List in order, the organs of the digestive tract (the organs that food touches):
    __mouth__ __esophagus_ __stomach_ _small intestine_ __large intestine__
  30. Which 3 organs in the digestion system are responsible for storing or producing chemicals that break down our food?
    Pancreas, gall bladder, liver
  31. Chemical Digestion –
    chemical reactions break down large molecules of food
  32. Mechanical Digestion –
    food is chewed, mixed, and turned
  33. What is chyme?
    The pulpy acidic fluid that passes from the stomach to the small intestine, consisting of gastric juices and partly digested food.
  34. Where does chemical and mechanical digestion begin?
    mouth
  35. Chewing and mixing of food take place in the mouth and stomach. This is a form of
    mechanical digestion
  36. What is the main function of the digestion system?
    Breaks down molecules to be absorbed and moved into the blood
  37. What body system is responsible for sending adrenaline throughout the body in a fight or flight emergency situation?
    nervous system
  38. Which systems' function is to continue life on Earth?
    reproductive system
  39. Which system includes the brain, spinal cord, and the nerves?
    nervous system
  40. The nervous system plays the most important role in
    control of the body
  41. What is the main function of the excretory system?
    Removes waste through urine
  42. What are the 4 organ systems that work together as part of the excretory system?
    Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
  43. If there is too much water in the blood, a hormone is released to signal the kidneys to return less water to the blood and increase the amount of wastewater called
    nephrons
  44. a filtration system made up of nephrons that help purify blood, in order for it to be returned to the circulatory system
    kidneys
  45. Control systems of the body
    Nervous and Endocrine System
  46. 2 examples of chemical energy
    food and Fossil Fuels (Charcoal)
  47. 2 Examples of Thermal energy
    heat from body, fire
  48. 2 Examples of kinetic energy
    anything moving
  49. 2 examples of light energy
    flashlight
  50. 2 examples of sound energy
    music box
  51. 2 examples of radiant energy
    comes from the sun
  52. We get most of our energy from the ______ in comes in the form of________.
    sun, radiant energy.
  53. Describe the process of photosynthesis. (Where, What, How)
    • Where: Occurs in the chloroplast of the plant cell
    • What: Radiant energy + CO2 + H2O Chemical energy (Glucose)
    • How: Sun shines, chloroplast changes sunlight into stored energy (food)
  54. What type of energy do we get from food?
    chemical
  55. Define force-
    push or pull
  56. Define work-
    force over a given distance work = force x distance
  57. Define Chemical Change-
    -Change in which a new substance is formed
  58. Define Physical Change-
    change in which no new substance is formed
  59. Function of Esophugus-
    Takes food from mouth to stomach
  60. Function of kidneys-
    filters waste out of blood stream
  61. Function of Small intestine-
    where vitamins/ food get out of the digestive system into circulatory system
  62. Function of Alveoli-
    Small sacs through which carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged
  63. Function and Structure of the nervous system:
    • Function- Responding to changes in the environment
    • Structures- brain, spinal cord, neurons
  64. Function and structure of the muscualr system
    • Function- provide force to move body
    • Structures-muscles
  65. Function and structure of the endocrine system
    Function- to coordinate and regulate the body systemsStructures- glands
  66. Function and structure of the skelatal system
    Function- shape and support, protect internal organs, attach to major muscles, form blood cells, store calcium and phosphorusStructures- bones
  67. Function and structure of the respitory system
    • Function- provides oxygen and excretes carbon dioxide
    • Structure- nose, trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli
  68. Function and structure of the circulatory system
    • Function- Moves materials around the body
    • Structures-heart, veins, arteries
  69. Function and structure of the integumentatry system
    • Function- Protects organs, keeps in water, excretes waste, helps provide vitamin D
    • Structures- Skin, hair, nails
  70. Function and structure of the digestive system
    • Function- breaks down food for cells
    • Structures- mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines
  71. Function and structure of the excretory system
    • Function- gets rid of waste
    • Structures- kidneys, bladder, ureters, urethra
  72. Function and structure of the reproductive system
    • Function- Creates new organism
    • Structures- female: ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus
    • Male: testes, urethra
  73. Name the outside layer of the skin.
    Epidermis
  74. List the five senses.
    Sight, sound, smell, touch, taste
  75. Each of your five senses give you the ability to perceive certain stimuli. For instance, hearing is your ability to perceive or pick up_______energy. Eyes pick up________energy. Taste buds pick up chemical stimuli.
    sound, light
  76. Stimuli cause-
    responses
  77. male organ for urination and reproduction.
    urethra
  78. _____________________ produces sperm. The process that continues life is called _________________________. ______________________ produces eggs.
    testes, fertilization, ovaaries
  79. The atmosphere is made of ____________________________ (the largest part), __________________ and other gases.
    nitrogen, oxygen
  80. Skeletal muscles always work in _________________________
    pairs
  81. What two systems remove waste?
    Respiratory and excretory
  82. Define Heredity and Give an example:
    the passing of genitic traits, getting brown eyes from your mom
  83. . What is DNA? Where is it found?
    Hereditary is information that codes for traits. It is found in the nucleus of all cells and makes up chromosomes
  84. . Name two factors that can help determine our characteristics (traits).
    Genes (DNA) and environment
  85. Green skin is a recessive trait in a certain species of lizard. If two green lizards mate, what percentage of their offspring will be green?
    If an organism has a recessive trait they can only have recessive genes and can only pass along the recessive trait so… 100%
  86. Define Genotype:
    The 2 genes an organism has, ex: Rr
  87. Define Phenotype:
    The physical traits an organism has, ex: red hair
  88. Genetics is the study of:
    heredity
  89. Describe the following types of adaptations. Give two examples of each.

    A.Structural

    B. Behavorial

    C.Physiological
    A. Physical trait ex. hollow bones, large ears

    B. how the animal acts in the environment

    C. how it maintains homeostasis in the body ex. storage of food in a bulb, regulation of glucose
  90. What is the difference between selective breeding and natural selection?
    Selective breeding is when people mate organisms with a specific trait. Natural selection occurs when organisms with certain traits survive and reproduce at a high rate.
  91. Define asexual reproduction:
    reproduction with only one parent
  92. Define sexual reproduction
    reproduction with two parents
  93. define dominant trait
    trait that is common
  94. define reccesive trait
    trait that is uncommon
  95. define Homozygous:
    having two identical genes: having two identical genes at the corresponding loci of homologous chromosomes
  96. Define heterozygous:
    having genetic variants: describes a cell or organism that has two or more different versions alleles of at least one of its genes.
  97. Describe this in one word:
    A. Water enters the plant through the roots
    B. Chlorophyll is located in the chloroplast of the tree leaves.
    C. Water vapor exits through the stoma.
    D. Sunlight or radiant energy enters the plant
    E. Carbon dioxide leaves the animals and is enters the plant through the stoma
    F. Glucose or chemical energy is produced by photosynthesis and stored in the plant.
    G. Oxygen leaves the plant through the stoma and is used by the animal
    photosynthesis
  98. Tropism is the plants reactions to stimuli to the growth of the plant. List all three types and tell what they are reacting to
    A. Phototropism: lightB. Geotropism: GravityC. Hydrotropism: Water
  99. Define each of the following and give an example of each.

    Population

    Community

    Ecosystem
    Group of rabbits; group of rabbits, blue bird, deer; group of rabbits, blubird, deer dirt.
  100. List at least three items that are considered abiotic parts of an ecosystem
    • water
    • soil
    • air
  101. Where do hurricanes form?
    over the ocean
  102. What is nature’s most out of control storm?
    hurricane
  103. What is the highest category for a hurricane?
    5
  104. Flash floods occur when there is extremely heavy ___ over a short length of time.
    rain
  105. Runoff loosens the _____ and mud flows into river valleys.
    soil
  106. What is a tsunami?
    A 20 meter high wave caused by an earthquake on the ocean floor.
  107. What would the impact be for humans if a hurricane hit a highly populated area?
    Many deaths and a lot of damage
  108. What is magma called when it flows onto Earth’s surface?
    lava
  109. What is equilibrium?
    When everything is in balance
  110. Give 3 examples of primary succession.
    Glacier melting exposing rock, island forming after volcanic eruption,Lava from a volcano forming new crust
  111. Give 3 examples of secondary succession.
    Farming, logging, mining
  112. In an ecosystem, what is equilibrium?
    When the numbers and species of organisms in it do not change suddenly
  113. In secondary succession, what are the pioneer species?
    Seeds of plants that were already present
  114. In primary succession, what are the pioneer species?
    lichens and mosses

Card Set Information

Author:
 Anonymous
ID:
 153612
Filename:
 Comprehensive 7th Grade Science
Updated:
2012-05-12 22:25:57
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