-
inferior trunk (C8, T1) lesion
- cervical rib compression of subclavian artery/inferior trunk
- thoracic outlet syndrome
- atrophy of thenar and hypothenar eminences
- atropy of interosseous muscles
- sensory deficits of medial side of forearm/hand
- disappearance of radial pulse upon moving head toward ipsilateral side
-
upper trunk (C5 & C6 roots) lesion
- Erb-Duchenne palsy
- "waiter's tip"
- limb hangs by side - paralysis of abductors
- medially rotated - paralysis of lateral rotators
- forearm is pronated - loss of biceps
-
median claw
- distal median nerve lesion
- loss of lateral lumbrical function
- 2nd/3rd digits clawed (can't extend)
-
ulnar claw
- distal ulnar nerve lesion
- loss of medial lumbrical function
- 4th/5th digits are clawed (can't extend)
-
ape hand
- proximal median nerve lesion
- loss of opponens pollicis muscle function
- unopposable tumb (can't abduct thumb)
-
klumpke's total claw
- lesion of lower trunck (C8,T1)
- loss of function of all lumbricals
- clawing of all digits
-
fracture of surgical neck of humerus
axillary nerve
-
dislocation of humerus
axillary nerve
-
intramuscluar injections
can cause axillary nerve lesion (innervates deltoids)
-
midshaft fracture of humerus
radial nerve in spiral groove
-
compressed in axilla
incorrect use of a crutch
radial nerve
-
stretched by subluxation of radius
radial nerve - deep branch
-
supracondylar fracture of humerus
median nerve compression
-
pronator teres syndrome
median nerve
-
fracture of medial epicondyle of humerus
- ulnar nerve
- also lesioned by repeat minor trauma
-
carpal tunnel syndrome
median nerve
-
dislocated lunate
median nerve
-
fracture of hook of hamate
ulnar nerve
-
nerve compression by pancoast tumor of lung
- lower trunk of brachila plexus (C8, T1)
- leads to Klumpke's palsy
-
C7 root compression
cervical disk lesion
-
radial nerve lesion - motor deficit
- "BEST extensors"
- Brachioradials
- Extensors of wrist/fingers
- Supinators
- Triceps
-
wrist drop
radial nerve lesion
-
musculocutaneous nerve lesion
difficulty flexing elbow
-
winged scapula
- long thoracic nerve lesion (C5-C7)
- used for abduction above horizontal
- mastectomy = winged scapula and lymphedema
-
thenar eminence
- opponens pollicis
- abductor pollicis brevis
- flexor pollicis brevis
- "OAF - Oppose, abduct, flex"
-
hypothenar eminence
- opponens digiti minimi
- abductor digiti minimi
- flexor digiti minimi
- "OAF - oppose, abduct, flex"
-
"DAB"
- Dorsal interosseous muscles
- ABduct fingers
-
palmar interosseous muscles
- "PAD"
- Palmars ADduct fingers
-
lumbrical muscles
- flex at MCP joint
- extend at PIP, DIP joint
-
unable to wipe bottom
thoracodorsal nerve - latissimus dorsi muscle
- humerous extension
- adduction
- medial rotation
-
loss of forearm pronation
median nerve lesion
-
trouble initiating arm abduction
- supraspinatus muscle
- suprascapular nerve
-
unable to abduct arm beyond 10 degrees
- deltoid muscle
- axillary nerve
-
unable to raise arm above horizontal
- serratus anterior muscle
- long thoracic nerve
- trapezius muscle
- spinal accessory nerve
-
carpal tunnel syndrome
median nerve entrapment - flexor retinaculum
- numbness/tingling over lateral digits, sometimes radiates up elbow
- wasting of thenar eminence
-
sensory to
posterior arm
dorsal hand/thumb
radial nerve
-
median nerve sensory deficit
- dorsal/palmar of lateral 3.5 fingers
- thenar eminence
-
ulnar nerve sensory deficit
- medial 1.5 fingers
- hypothenar eminence
-
musculocutaneous sensory deficit
lateral forearm
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