BIO 252 Ch 1

Which of the following would be the most likely cause of an iatrogenic disease?
A. an inherited disorder
B. an unwanted effect of a prescribed drug
C. a combination of specific etiologic factors
D. prolonged exposure to toxic chemicals in the environment

The manifestations of a disease are best defined as the:
a. subjective feelings of discomfort during an illness
b. signs and symptoms of a disease
c. factors that precipitate an acute episode of a chronic illness
d. early prodromal indicators that infection is present in the body

The best definition of the term prognosis is:
a. the precipitating factors causing an acute episode
b. the number of remissions to be expected during the course of a chronic illness
c. the predicted outcome or likelihood of recovery from a specific disease
d. the exacerbations occurring during chronic illness

Which of the following is considered a systemic sign of disease?
a. swelling of the knee
b. fever
c. pain in the neck
d. red area on the face

Etiology is defined as the study of the:
a. causes of a disease
b. course of a disease
c. expected complications of a disease
d. manifestations of a disease

Hypertrophy of the heart would be related to:
a. an increase in the size of the individual cells
b. an increase in the number of cells in an area
c. replacement of normal cells by a different type of cell
d. a decrease in the size of the individual cells

A tissue in which the cells vary in size and shape and show increased mitotic figures would be called:
a. metaplasia
b. atrophy
c. dysplasia
d. hypertrophy

When a group of cells in the body dies, the change is called:
a. ischemia
b. gangrene
c. hypoxia
d. necrosis

Lack of exercise during an illness may cause skeletal muscle to undergo:
a. hypertrophy
b. dysplasia
c. atrophy
d. regeneration

The term cancer refers to:
a. dysplasia
b. hyperplasia
c. metaplasia
d. malignant neoplasm

Apoptosis refers to:
a. increased rate of mitosis by certain cells
b. ischemic damage to cells
c. liquefaction of necrotic tissue
d. pre-programmed cell self-destruction

Which of the following statements is true?
a. Alteration of DNA causes immediate cell death
b. Damaged cells may be able to repair themselves
c. All cells die at the same rate
d. Mild ischemia causes immediate cell death

Caseation refers to an area of necrosis where:
a. cell proteins have been denatured
b. cell are liquefied by enzymes
c. dead cells form a thick cheesy substance
d. bacterial invasion has occurred

Routine application of sun block to skin would be an example of:
a. an iatrogenic cause of cancer
b. a preventative measure
c. a precipitating factor
d. an idiopathic form of cancer

A circumstance that causes a sudden acute episode of a chronic disease to occur is termed:
a. latent stage
b. predisposing factor
c. incidence
d. precipitating factor

An acute episode of a chronic disease is called:
a. an exacerbation
b. a prodromal period
c. a complication
d. a sequela