ch 11

gland that produces a secretion

secretions from gland must go through duct, duct carries secretions to a body surface or organ

cells in pancreas which secrete the hormone insulin directly into the blood stream

occurs when there is a drop in the level of a hormone, drop triggers chain reaction of responses to increase the amount of hormone in the blood

level drops, hypothalamus gets msg, sends releasing hormone to anterior pituatary gland, releases hormone which stimulates gland, level rises

tiny structure about 10mm and 0.5g, located at base of brain in sella turcica. major influence of activities of body

secretes: Growth hormone (GH) or (somatotrophin)- responsible for growth and development, helps fats to be used for energy, saving glucose & helping maintain blood sugar levels.

Prolactin hormone (PRL)- develops breast tissue and stimulates the production of milk after child birth. unknown effect in males

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulates the growth and secretion of the thyroid gland

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)- stimulates the growth and secretion of the adrenal cortext

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)- stimulates the growth of the graafian follice and the production of estrogen in females, and stimulates the production of sperm in males

Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone in females

Interstitial cell-stimulating hormone (ICSH)- necessary for the production of testosterone by the interstitial cells of the testes in men

melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)- is responsible for increasing skin pigmentation

stores hormones produced by hypothalamus

1. Vasopressin- converts to antidiuretic hormone or ADH in the bloodstream.

2. Oxytocin- released during childbirth, causing strong contractions of the the uterus. It also causes contractions when a mother is breastfeeding. Synthetic form called- pitocin

butterfly shaped mass of tissue located in anterior part of neck. secretes 3 hormones, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and calcitonin

5 to 10 times more active than thyoxine but activity is less prolonged. Produced in follicle cells of thyroid gland.

controls rate of metabolism, heat production, and oxidation of cells, with possible exception of brain and spleen. It can speed up or slow down the activities of the body as needed. Helps change glycogen into glucose

functions of both- stimulates protein synthesis and helps tissue growth, stimulates the breakdown of liver glycogen.

controls calcium ion concentration in the body by maintaining a proper calcium level in the bloodstream, lowers calcium level when it is too high.