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jpowell22
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What are the convex/concave bony partners of the radiocarpal jt?
- distal end of radius = concave
- proximal surface of the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum = convex
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What motions do you get at the radiocarpal jt?
- flexion
- extension
- radial deviation
- ulnar deviation
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What is another term for flexion of the radiocarpal jt?
volar flexion
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In what direction is the glide of the radiocarpal jt if the movement is flexion?
dorsal
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What is another term for extension of the radiocarpal jt?
dorsal flexion
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In what direction is the glide of the radiocarpal jt if the mvmt is extension?
volar
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In what direction is the glide if the radiocarpal joint is moving into radial deviation?
ulnar
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In what direction is the glide if the radiocarpal jt is moving into ulnar deviation?
radial
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What do the extrinsic mm of the hand do?
keeps MCPs extended and flexes PIPs and DIPs
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What do the intrinsic mm of the hand do?
keeps PIPs and DIPs extended and flexes MCPs
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What is the loose pack position of the MCP joints?
hand opened (slap)
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What is the closed pack position of the MCP jts?
closed hand (fist)
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What is the resting position of the radiocarpal jt?
neutral and slight ulnar deviation
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What is the closed packed position of the radiocarpal jt?
maximal extension
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What are the convex/concave bony partners of the interphalangeal jts?
- distal end of phalanx = convex
- proximal end of phalanx = concave
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In what direction is the glide if the IP joints are moving in flexion?
volar
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In what direction is the glide if the IP joints are moving in extension?
dorsal
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What is carpal tunnel syndrome?
- compression of the median nerve
- causes problems in fingers 1,2,3 abd thenar eminence
can be caused by ant. dislocation of lunate bone, swelling secondary to colles' fracture of the distal end of the radius, rheumatoid arthritis, or anything causing swelling that is secondary to general trauma afecting wrist such as sprains
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What is trigger finger?
sudden palpable and audible snapping occuring upon mvmt of one of the fingers
most often caused by a nodule in the flexor tendon that catches on a narrower annular sheath or pulling opposite the metacarpal head
may place in either flexion or extension
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What disorder can be caused by rheumatoid arthritis, and occurs when the PIP is hyperextended and the DIP is flexed?
swan neck deformity
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With what disorder do the PIP become flexed and the DIP is extended?
boutonniere deformity
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What disorder contains discreet but palpable bony nodules found on the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the DIP jt, and may indicate osteoarthritis?
herberdens nodes
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What is the length-tension relationship of hand function?
tendodesis; passive insufficiency
- wrist extensors aid in maximal finger flexion
- wrist flexors aid in maximal finger extension
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What is cupping and flattening of hand function?
cupping occurs with finger flexion and improves the mobility of hand for functional usage
flattening occurs with finger extension and is used for release of objects
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What are the 4 power grips?
- hook
- cylinder
- fist
- spherical
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What are the 6 prehension patterns?
- digital prehension (pad to pad)
- lateral prehension (pad to side)
- tip to tip
- 2 jaw chuck
- 3 jaw chuck
- side to side
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What power grip is used when digits 2-5 a4re around an object?
hook
holding a bucket
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What power grip is used when all fingers are flexed around an object?
cylinder
holding a hammer
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What power grip has the fingers in a fist with the thumb on top?
fist
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What power grip is used when all fingers are adducted around an object, fingers spread apart, and the palm is not involved?
spherical
opening a jar
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What do you use when trying to forcefully hold objects while being moved by the more proximal jts?
power grips
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What do you use for fine mvmts when objects need to be manipulated?
prehension (holding a pen)
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What prehension pattern is used when the pad of one finger is pressed to another (normally index and thumb)?
digital prehension (pad to pad)
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What prehension pattern is used when the pad of the ext. thumb is pressing on an object against the radial side?
lateral prehension (pad to side)
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What prehension pattern is used when you bring the thumb to the tip of a finger?
tip to tip
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What prehension pattern is used when the thumb and 1 finger are holding something horizontal, and using lumbrical mm.?
2 jaw chuck
holding a plate
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What prehension pattern is used when the thumb and 2 fingers (usually index and middle) hold something?
3 jaw chuck
holding a pen
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What prehension pattern is used when 2 fingers are adducted (usually index and middle)?
side to side
holding a pencil or cigarette
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What is the phalens test?
- hold the backs of the hands together 30-60 seconds
- (+)=tingling or numbness of the digits 1-3
- carpal tunnel
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What is the tinel sign?
- tap at wrist over median n.
- (+)= numb and tingling of digits 1-3
- carpal tunnel
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What is the finkelsteins test?
- fist and thumb tucked in, ulnar deviate
- (+)= pain in snuffbox tendons
- DeQuervains syndrome
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