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chapter 20, colorectal cancer

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  1. primarily occurs in adults 55 or older
    occurs in recto-sigmoid area
    coloreactal cancer
  2. what accounts for 95% of the malignant tumors of the intestine
    adenocarcinomas
  3. what is the patho of colon cancer
    polyps develop into malignant tumors
  4. mass that protrudes into intestinal lumen
    polyp
  5. what are the genetic etiologys of colorectal cancer
    • familiar multiple polyps -hereditary=lots of polyps
    • hereditary nonpolyops colorectal cancer(HNPCC)-cancer comes from mucosa, not polyps
    • chronic ulcerative colitis-chronic colon inflammation
    • Crohn's disease
  6. what are some etiologies for colorectal cancer other than genetic factors
    diet-high fat, red meat, high refined foods
  7. during digestion what is broken down to potential carcinogens
    fats
  8. what are the early signa of colorectal cancer
    • none
    • bowel habits change
    • bleeding
    • anemia
  9. bleeding that occurs on the surface, usually from a lesion in the rectum
    Frank blood
  10. hidden blood
    occult blood
  11. old blood, tarry black stools
    melena
  12. what are the later signs of colorectal cancer
    • indigestion
    • pain w/tenderness lower abdomen
    • pallor
    • ascities
    • cachexia-wasting away
    • lymphadenopathy
  13. what are the diagnostic test for coloreactal cancer
    • digital rectal exam-"napkin ring lesion"
    • hemoccult test
    • proctoscopy or colonoscopy
    • barrium enema
    • CT
    • blood test-CEA(carcinoembryonic antigen)
  14. what are the 2 types of hemoccult test
    • guaiac-feces on test strip
    • IFOB(immunochemical fecal occult blood)-specific for humans
  15. what do most adenocarcinomas release to help diagnosis colorectal cancer? what is the drawback
    • CEA(carcinoembryonic antigen)
    • patients with ulcerative colitis also have CEA
  16. what is the most important way to combat colorectal cancer
    early detection
  17. what are the complications of colorectal cancer
    • intestine lumen obstruction
    • metastasis via lymph nodes and blood to liver
  18. what is the treatment for colorectal cancer
    • surgery
    • excision of involved area
    • colostomy-bag for fecal matter
    • chemo & radiation
  19. what is the prognosis for colorectal cancer
    • depends
    • early detection is key
Author
tville01
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chapter 20, colorectal cancer
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chapter 20, colorectal cancer
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