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tville01
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
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primarily occurs in adults 55 or older
occurs in recto-sigmoid area
coloreactal cancer
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what accounts for 95% of the malignant tumors of the intestine
adenocarcinomas
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what is the patho of colon cancer
polyps develop into malignant tumors
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mass that protrudes into intestinal lumen
polyp
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what are the genetic etiologys of colorectal cancer
- familiar multiple polyps -hereditary=lots of polyps
- hereditary nonpolyops colorectal cancer(HNPCC)-cancer comes from mucosa, not polyps
- chronic ulcerative colitis-chronic colon inflammation
- Crohn's disease
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what are some etiologies for colorectal cancer other than genetic factors
diet-high fat, red meat, high refined foods
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during digestion what is broken down to potential carcinogens
fats
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what are the early signa of colorectal cancer
- none
- bowel habits change
- bleeding
- anemia
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bleeding that occurs on the surface, usually from a lesion in the rectum
Frank blood
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hidden blood
occult blood
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old blood, tarry black stools
melena
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what are the later signs of colorectal cancer
- indigestion
- pain w/tenderness lower abdomen
- pallor
- ascities
- cachexia-wasting away
- lymphadenopathy
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what are the diagnostic test for coloreactal cancer
- digital rectal exam-"napkin ring lesion"
- hemoccult test
- proctoscopy or colonoscopy
- barrium enema
- CT
- blood test-CEA(carcinoembryonic antigen)
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what are the 2 types of hemoccult test
- guaiac-feces on test strip
- IFOB(immunochemical fecal occult blood)-specific for humans
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what do most adenocarcinomas release to help diagnosis colorectal cancer? what is the drawback
- CEA(carcinoembryonic antigen)
- patients with ulcerative colitis also have CEA
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what is the most important way to combat colorectal cancer
early detection
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what are the complications of colorectal cancer
- intestine lumen obstruction
- metastasis via lymph nodes and blood to liver
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what is the treatment for colorectal cancer
- surgery
- excision of involved area
- colostomy-bag for fecal matter
- chemo & radiation
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what is the prognosis for colorectal cancer
- depends
- early detection is key
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