Transparent mucous membrane that lines each lid and continues over the surface of the eyeball
Cornea
Clear part of the eye located in front of the iris
Glaucoma, angle closure
Sudden increase in intraocular pressure caused by obstruction of the drainage portal between the cornea and iris (angle) that can rapidly progress to blindness
Glaucoma, open angle
Disorder characterized by elevated pressure in the eye that can lead to permanent blindness
Intraocular pressure (IOP)
Inner pressure of eye. Normal 12-22 mm Hg
Iris
Colored part of the eye that can expand or contact to allow the right amount of light to enter the eye
Keratotomy
Incision of the cornea to correct myopia
Lacrimal Apparatus
Structures that keep the surface of the eye moistened with lacriminal fluid (tears)
Optic Disk
Oscular end of the optic nerve where the retinal nerve fibers exit and the blood vessels enter
Optic Nerve
Bundle of nerve fibers located in the back of the eye that connects the retina to the brain
Tonometry
Use of a device to measure the pressure in the eye
Trabecular Meshwork
Small opening around the outer edge of the iris that form meshlike drainage canals surrounding the iris. Aka Schlemm's canal
Glaucoma Facts
1) open angle: most common
2) second leading cause of blindness worldwide
3) 1/6 afflicted develop bilateral blindness
Beta-Blocker Common Ending
"-olol"
Beta-Blockers Treats;
Open Angle Glaucoma
Beta-Blocker Types
betaxolol: Betoptic S
levobunolol: Betagan
timolol maleate: Timoptic
Combo: (most common)
timolol+lantanoprost: Xalcom
When is B-blocker betaxnol preferred?
For patients with asthma or heart failure
Alpha-Blockers Job;
Prevention & Treatment of IOP (Inner Eye Pressure)
Alpha-Blocker Types;
apraclonidine: Iopidine
brimonidine: Alphagan
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Common Ending;
"-zolamide"
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor Treats;
Open Angle Glaucoma
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor Types;
brinzolamide: Azorpt
dorzolamide: Trusopt
Combo:
dorzolamide+timolol: Cosopt
Drugs that Increase Aqueous Humor Drainage (4)
1) Adrenergic agonists
2) Cholinergic agonists
3) Prostaglandin analongs
4) Acetylcholinestetase inhibitors
Adrenergic agonist; Dipivifren
Prodrug that needs to be activiated with epinephrine