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jpowell22
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Where is the medial malleolus?
end of tibia
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Where is the lateral malleolus?
end of fibula
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What is the largest, most post. tarsal bone?
calcaneus..heel bone
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What is the calcaneal tuberosity?
projection on the post inferior surface of calcaneus
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What is the sustentaculum tali?
medial superior part of calcaneus, supports medial side of talus
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What sits on the calcaneus , inferior to the tibia?
talus
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Where is the navicular bone?
medial side, infront of the talus
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What is the navicular tuberosity?
projection on the medial side of the navicular
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What is on the lateral side of the foot, just proximal to the 4th and 5th metatarsals?
cuboid
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How many cuneiforms are there?
3 - 1st, 2nd, 3rd
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Which metatarsals are WBing?
1st and 5th
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What is the true ankle jt?
talocrural/talotibial
- talus and tibia articulate
- uniaxial synovial
- PF&DF
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Which jts are inseparable?
subtalar (talocalcaneal) and transverse tarsal (midtarsal)
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What jt is located on the inferior surface of the talus and superior portion of calcaneus?
subtalar/talocalcaneal
inv/ever
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Where is the transverse tarsal jt?
midtarsal
- ant. talus and calcaneus articulate with post. navicular and cuboid
- inv/ever
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What are the articulations for the intertarsals/tarsometatarsal jts?
cuneiforms and cuboid articulate with all metatarsals
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Where do the metatarsals meet phalanges?
metatarsophalangeal jt
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What type of jt is the inferior tibiofibular jt?
- syndesmosis (ligamentous)
- little to no motion
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What is another name for a pronated foot?
supple foot (flat foot)
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What is another name for a supinated foot?
rigid foot
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What toe motion is very important for push-off in gait?
hyperextension
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Which toe is the most mobile?
1st (great)
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What ligament spans the medial ankle, is very thick and strong, and has 4 parts?
medial collateral (deltoid ligament)
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What are the 4 parts of the deltoid ligament?
- tibionavicular (anterior)
- tibiocalcaneal (middle)
- posterior tibiotalar (posterior)
- anterior tibiotalar (deep)
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Where is the lateral collateral ligament located?
- lateral lig
- lateral malleolus and talus to navicular
- 3 parts
- often injured
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What are the 3 parts of the lateral ligament?
- anterior talofibular lig (weak)
- posterior talofibular (strong)
- calcaneofibular (vertical)
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What arches are maintained but the shape of bones, their relation to one another, and plantar fascia?
- medial longitudinal arch
- lateral longitudinal arch
- transverse arch
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What are the characteristics of the medial longitudinal arch?
- along medial border
- from calcaneus to metatarsals 1-3
- absorbs shock (depresses during WBing)
- recoils when weight is removed
- can see pes cavus and planus
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What are the characteristics of the lateral longitudinal arch?
- anterior part of calcaneus to metatarsals 4-5 and cubiod
- in contact with floor when standing (usually)
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What are the characteristics of the transverse arch?
- side to side
- through cuneiforms and cuboid
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What is a high arch called?
pes cavus
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What is a low arch/flat feet called?
pes planus
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What is another name for spring lig, and what are its characteristics?
- calcaneonavicular lig
- goes from calcaneus to navicular
- short but wide
- supports medial side of longitudinal arch
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What ligament contains a long and short one, and supports the lateral longitudinal arch?
plantar lig
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What are the characteristics of the plantar aponeurosis (fascia)?
- goes from calcaneus to proximal phalanges along bottom of foot
- keeps posterior part from separating from back of foot
- "plantar fasciitis"
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What bones make up the hindfoot?
- calcaneus and talus
- contacts ground first in gait, influences rest of foot
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What bones make up the midfoot?
- navicular, cuboid and cuneiforms
- provides stabilty and mobility
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What bones make up the forefoot?
- metatarsals and phalanges
- adapts to level ground
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What occurs at the foot when the distal segment of the calcaneus is directed aay from the midline?
- calcaneal valgus
- pronated foot (collapse on arches)
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What occurs at the foot when the distal segment of the calcaneus is directed toward the midline?
calcaneal varus
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