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Define Germanic Tribes:
settled in Europe during the 5th century and took over land
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Define Anglo Saxtons:
Angles and Saxtons that live in Great Britain
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Define Franks:
Europes longest lasting kingdom during thek 5th century
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Define Constantinople:
city in the Eastern Roman Empire
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Define Trail by Ordeal:
physical trials that prove criminals to be guilty or not guilty
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Define Charlemagne:
a fierce, Christian warrior that expanded the Frankish Kingdom
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Define Vikings:
strong German warriors that have sacked many villages and towns in Europe
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Define Magyars:
people from Western Asia that settled in Europe in the 9th century
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Define Muslims:
people who have Islamic faith
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Define Guilds:
businesses that sell specific products
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What were the three main influeneces that combined to form the middle ages?
population increased, changes in technology, and climate change
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Who was Europe's trade interest with and what advantages and disadvantages were in place with the current trade conditions before exploration?
- Europe traded plants and animals with America. In return, Europe got animal hides, corn molasses, etc. = Advantage.
- Americans got diseases from Europe = Disadvantage.
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Explain how the encomienda and the mita were used to force Native Americans to work.
They both granted Spanish landowners to use Native Americans as laborers.
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Which countries involved in exploration and trade had colonies what were they known for trading?
Latin America had colonies and they exported raw materials.
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What is the concept of the Columbian Exchange and detail the impact that European trade had on the Native American people?
The Columbian Exchange transferred economic activity in both worlds, the Americansand Europeans got to have things that they've never seen before. The Native Americans had to be forced into labor and take orders because of this exchange.
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Describe the history of slavery in Africa and how it came to the Americas.
Slavery in Africa went on for a long time, but once it weas brought to America slaves were exposed to disease they had no immunity for.
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Detail aspect of notable African cultures and how they compare to Native American and European ones.
The currency of Africa was seashells, while others used actual paper money.
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Detail the impact that European trade had on Africa and its people.
Africa gets richer from Europe. They're losing more people but getting more money.
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Explain the concept of the triangular trade. What routes were taken and what products went where?
- America to Europe: raw materials- plantantions, molasses, tobacco, sugar
- Europe to Africa: manufactured goods- rum, guns, cotton
- Africa to America: slaves
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Explain what the middle passage was. Where did it go? How long did it take? Who went? What were the conditions like?
It was the middle portion of Africa and Americas. It went to the Americas. It took 1-5 months to get there. The slaves and crewmen were aboard. It was dirty, unsanitary, crowded, etc.
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What is the concept of mercantilism? How do the other practices associated with it play a part?
Mercantilism determined your social class. Joint stocks allow investors to make more money from inverting.
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Discuss the changes in European trading practices of the 1500's that were brought abou tby global trade.
Europe tries to find the best resources in earth far wealth which led to expedition to find Asia.
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Formulate an explanation about how growth in the economy was good, but also made it hard.
Mercantilism gave only the wealthy advantages and not the middle class. Joint stocks made it possible to gain more money, which is an advantage.
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What complaints did Martin Luther have? What was his new religion? What countries was it practiced in? What were important features of the religion?
the pope had too much power. Lutheranism. Germany and Denmark. Baptism
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What complaints did John Huss have? What was his new religion? What countries was it practiced in? What were important features of the religion?
the pope had too much power. He didn't make a new religion.
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What complaints did John Calvin have? What was his new religion? What countries was it practiced in? What were important features of the religion?
the pope had too much power. Calvinism. Scotland. Predestination.
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What complaints did King Henry VIII have? What was his new religion? What countries was it practiced in? What were important features of the religion?
wanted an anullment and pope said no. Anglican. England. Closed Catholic teachings.
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How did the belief and events of teh Reformation fit into the thinking of the Renaissance?
the Reformation tied to the Renaissance because the Renaissance gives pope less political power.
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What were the causes of the Reformation?
the way to salvation was wrong to the Reformers and the pope had too much power and wealth.
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What were the major accomplishments of John Wycliffe?
translated bible into english
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What were the major accomplishments of John Huss?
spread Wycliffe's teachings
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What were the major accomplishments of Martin Luther?
created Lutheranism and wrote the 95 theses.
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What were the major accomplishments of John Calvin?
created Calivinism, made predestanation more believable.
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Explain the events surrounding England's Reformation and its struggle between a Catholic and Protestant identity.
The act fo supremacy allowed the king to rule the church of england. Henry closed the Catholic churches, but Mary tries to stop him. She had 300 protestants burned die to her actions, which she is also known as Bloody Mary.
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Explain the three motivations for exploration and he thoughts behind them.
- God: wanted to Christianize heathens
- Glory: adventure, curiosity, fame, and nationalism
- Gold: merchants sell Asian goods in Europe and get more money
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Discuss the countries on the cutting edge of exploration and all the factors that made it possible.
Spanish and Portugal are cutting edge of exploration. The caravel boat and Mariner's compass made it possible.
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Explain the basic concepts and ideas of the Renaissance era. How did attitudes and beliefs change?
city states become more secular and more powerful with economy. It was the rebirth of the middle ages. Church power was redused. Human abilities were emphasized. Attitudes and beliefs made humans focus more on natural occurances and it made people move towards more artistic and positive.
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