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Routes of administration
oral, buccal, sublingual, rectal, inhalation, topical, transdermal, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous, nasogastric/gastronomy tubes
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Susceptible to first-pass effect
oral, rectal
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Not susceptible to first-pass effect
buccal, sublingual, transdermal
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Allow for delivery of large amounts of drugs
rectal, intramuscular
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Does not allow for delivery of large amounts of drugs
subcutaneous
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Allow for instantaneous and complete absorption of drug
intravenous
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Allow for slow absorption of drug
transdermal, buccal, sublingual, topical, subcutaneous (depending on formulation)
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Allow for faster absorption of drug
intramuscular, inhalation (for respiratory), buccal, sublingual (depending on formulation)
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Allows for application of drug to the skin or mucous membranes of eyes, throat, ariway or vagina for local effect
topical
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