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Performance Improvement
The continuous study and adaptation of a healthcare organization's functions and processes to increase the likelihood of achieving desired outcomes
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Infection control
A system for the prevention of communicable diseases that concentrates on protecting healthcare workers and patients against exposure to disease-causing organisms and promotes compliance with applicable legal requirements through early identification of potential sources of contamination and implementation of policies and procedures that limit the spread of disease
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Utilization management
The planned, systematic review of the patients in a healthcare facility against care criteria for admission, continued stay and discharge. Also a collection of systems and processess to ensure that facilities and resources, both human and nonhuman, are used maximally and are consistent with patient care needs.
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Risk management
A comprehensive program of activities intended to minimize the potential for injuries to occur in a facility and to anticipate and respond to ensuing liabilities for those injuries that do occur
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Clinical practice guidelines
A detailed, step-by-step guide used by a healthcare organization's governing board to a member of the medical staff that enables the physician to provide patient services in the organization within specific practice limits
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Clinical protocols
Specific instructions for performing clinical procedures establish by authoritative bodies, such as medical staff committees, and intended to be applied literally and universally
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Critical paths (pathways in Shaw)
A multidisciplinary outline of anticipated care within an appropriate time frame to aid a patient in moving progressively through a clinical experience that ends in a positive outcome. The case manager identifies, in conjunction with the treatment team, the actions to be taken when the patient's care is not proceeding optimally
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Accreditation standards
Preestablished statements of the criteria against which the performance of participating healthcare organizations will be assessed during a voluntary accreditation process
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Licensure requirements (licensure in Johns and Shaw)
The process of granting a healthcare organization or an individual healthcare practitioner a license to practice
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Root cause analysis
Analysis of a sentinel event from all aspects (human, procedural, machinery and material) to identify how each contributed to the occurrence of the even and to develop new systems that will prevent recurrence
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Force-field analysis (Johns)
A performance improvement tool used to identify specific drivers of, and barriers to, an organizational change so that positive factors can be reinforced and negative factors reduced.
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Histogram
A bar graph used to display data proportionally
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Scatter diagram
A graph that visually displays the linear relationships among factors
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Brainstorming
An idea-generating technique in which a team leader solicits creative input from team members
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Nominal group technique
A quality improvment technique that allows groups to narrow the focus of a discussion or to make decisions without becoming involved in extended, circular discussions
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Run chart
A type of graph that shows data points collected over time and identifies emerging trends or patterns
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Multivoting technique
A decision-making method for determining group consensus on the prioritization of issues or solutions
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Statistical process control chart
A type of run chart that includes both upper and lower control limits and indicates whether a process is stable or unstable
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Checksheet
A tool that permits the systematic recording of observations of a particular phenomenon so that trends or patterns can be identified
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Flowchart
A graphic tool that uses standard symbols to visually disply detailed information, including time and distance, of the sequential flow of work of an individual or a product as it progresses through a process
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Pareto chart
A bar graph that includes bars arranged in order of descending size to show decisions on the prioritization of issues, problems or solutions
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Customer
The internal or external recipient of services, products or information
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Survey (survey tools in Shaw)
Research instruments used to gather data and information from respondents in a uniform manner through the administration of a predefined and structured set of questions and possible responses
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Interview
A discussion of the qualifications and experiences of a job applicant with respect to the employment process; or a discussion about an organization with its leadership during the accreditation or licensure survery process
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