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ECCammi
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What part of the atom is not part of the nucleus?
Element
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Name for the smallest amount of an element we can have
atom
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The atomic number tells us what about the atom?
Number of neutrons
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Valence electrons represent the number of electrons
In the outermost shell
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The atomic mass tells us what about the atom?
Number of protons and neutron
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Element with 24 proton
Chromium
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Two atoms of the same element that differ in their number of neutrons are
Isotopes
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If mercury-201 is given two more neutrons it would become
203
Hg
80
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Generic formula for a radioactive element:
Atomic number
Symbol for the element
Atomic weight (relative mass)
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When an atom that wants to gain an electron comes in contact with an atom that wants to lose an electron, what is likely to happen?
An ionic bond
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Ionic bond
One atom gives away an electron and the other takes it
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Covalent bond
Two atoms stick together and share electrons
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How many electrons can fit in the lowest energy level of an atom?
2
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The atomic number is equal to
The number of protons
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The number of neutrons is equal to
The atomic mass minus the atomic number
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How do you find the average atomic mass for an atom?
Take the abundance in nature percentage and multiply it by the atomic mass number. add those numbers together.
- Ex. 90.5% neon-20, 0.3% neon-21, 9.2 neon-22.
- .905*20=18.1
- .003*21=.063
- .092*22=2.024
- (The sum is)=20.187 AMU
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What is the difference between oxygen-16 and oxygen-18?
They are isotopes, oxygen-16 has 16neutrons and oxygen-18 has 18 neutrons
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Protons and neutrons have a mass of
1
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Electrons have a mass of
1/1800 (counted as 0)
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In an electrically neutral atom the number of protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of
electrons in that surround the nucleus
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A positive electron has more
protons than electrons
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The unti of electric charge, the coulomb, is the charge on
a specific large number of electrons
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The electrical force between charges is strongest when the charges are
Close together
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Combing your hair rubs electrons from your hair onto a comb. The comb becomes
Negatively charged
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Electric potential, measured in volts, is the ratio of electric energy to the amount of electric
Charge
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If you comb your hair and the comb becomes positively charged, then your hair becomes
Negatively charged
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Insulator
Something that holds onto its electrons
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Conductor
Holds loosely to its electrons
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Two charged particles held close to each other are released. As they move, the force on each particle increases. Therefore the particles must have
Opposite sides
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Charge flows in
A closed circuit
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The primary cause of voltage is not
Voltage
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The primary source of electrons in an ordinary electrical circuit is
The electrical circuit itself
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When a light is turned on in a DC circuit, the average speed of electrons in the lamp is
Less than 1 cm/s
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An ampere is a unit of electrical
Current
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If you want to find the value of the electric field at the place where the charge is located you use
electric field strength= F/q
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A positively charged light metal ball is suspended between two oppositely charged metal plates on an insulating thread. After being charged once, the plates are disconnected from the battery. Describe the behavior of the ball
The + bll would attract to the - plate. Once it made contact it would become - charged and attract to the + plate, and so on until either plate is no longer charged.
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What is the difference between voltage and electrical potential energy
Electrical potential energy is the potential energy of a specific charge based on its position in the system. The voltage or eletrical potential is the difference in electrical potential across a wire or circuit element.
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What does a circuit breaker do?
It limits the amount of current that can flow through a circuit.
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What is the difference between a 20amp and a 15amp circuit breaker?
The 20amp will allow 20amps, the 15amp will allow 15 amps
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The current
Remains constant
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Which way do electrons flow?
From negaive to positive.
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