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Amicus
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Action used to recover possession ofland as well as damages for unlawful detention or possession
ejectment
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Awarded to restore a person to a previous position to prevent unjust enrichment
restitution
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Awarded to punish the defendant for conduct and to deter others from similar conduct
exemplary damages
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Rectifies a written instrument in order that it may express the real agreement or intention of the parties
reformation
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An order directing the defendant to actor refrain from acting in a specified way
injunction
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Short statements used as guides in the decision-making process in disputes inequity
maxims
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Awarded to put the plaintiff in the same financial position as before the commission of a tort
compensatory damages
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Court determination of the rights of the parties to a dispute; does not order any performance relative to those rights
declaratory judgment
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Stipulated sum contained in an agreement to be paid as compensation for loss in the event of a breach of a contract
liquidated damages
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Action used to recover possession of personal property wrongfully taken
replevin
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Damages that are the natural and necessary result of a wrongful act or omission and can be expected to accompany an injury
general damages
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A guilty plea that cannot be used later against the accused as an admission
nolo contendere
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Provides that evidence obtained in violation of the Constitution is inadmissible in a criminal trial
exclusionary rule
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A theory of punishment aimed at "getting even" with offenders
retribution
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The singling out or targeting of a particular. group so as to impose punishment without a trial
bill of attainder
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A grand jury's written accusation against one who is believed to have committed a crime
indictment
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Acknowledgement, in a court of law, of one's obligation to appear for trial
recognizance
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The element of a criminal offense that constitutes the wrongful act
actus reus
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Questions the legality of the incarceration of a prisoner
habeas corpus
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Reasonable grounds to believe that the arrestee has committed or is committing a crime
probable cause
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Offensively touching another person without his or her consent
battery
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A law that makes acts criminal that were not criminal at the time they were committed
ex post facto
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A theory of punishment aimed at correcting offenders so that they can live according to the existing social order
rehabilitation
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Affords the accused and counsel an opportunity to attack the identifying witnesses' credibility
right of confrontation
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Satisfies the Sixth Amendment requirement that the accused "be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation"
arraignment
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