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x3Nikki
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What 4 key events transform Western Europe?
- 1.) Germanic migrations
- 2.) The division of the roman empire (west and east)
- 3.) The fall of rome itself
- 4.) The division of christianity and the church
- (west: roman catholic) (east: eastern orthadox)
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What are the key themes of Christian Western Europe?
- Localism
- Rural Societ
- Decentralzation
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Why is Constantine the Key Individual?
- Legalized Christianity in the Roman Empire
- Moved the capital of the Roman Empire from rome(west) to Consantinople(East)
- Leads to a new empire: Byzantine
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The Gemanic Peoples
- Tribal mindset
- Clan Mindset
- Polotheistic
- Duals settled disputes
- Migration led to downfall of rome
- Led to settled society
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The decine of the western Roman Empire
- Constintine divides empire (size)
- Decline of Roman Tradition
- Poor Leadership
- Christianity led to power vacum, Pope fills in
- Pressure from Germanic Invaders
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Germanic Kingdoms
Transformation of tribal societies to kingdoms with Monarchies
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Early Medieval church
- Blending & Adaptation of christian beliefs & Germanic customs & beliefs
- Monks & Nuns promoted charity
- Were model examples of Christianity
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The Franks
- Stuck to Germanic Beliefs (charlemagne)
- Tried to spread christianity
- Proclamation that charlemagne was next ruler
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3 Tears of NoblesseOblige
- 1.) Kings/Monarchs
- 2.)Nobility
- 3.)Peseants/Serfs
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5 Virtues of a Knight
- Curiosity
- Loyalty
- (a) Genorosity
- Prouis
- Prestige
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2 Ways church makes Knights Accountable
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The decline & Revival of the western Church
- Curruption (Popes)
- The Great Schism
- -Spirits
- -Western
- -Roman Catholic
- (Pope's Curruption Causes Schism)
- Western Pope's (church) has power over Western Europe
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3 Major Characteristics of the Byzantine Empire
- Blended Roman traditions & Greek culture
- Adopted Eastern Orthadox Christianity
- No athority to challenege Emperor
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Downfall of the Byzantine Empire
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2 Biggest conflicts of the Byzantine Empire
- (Volcano Creates)
- Food Shortage
- Plagues
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Conflict in Byzantine
Nature of Christ (1 Person or 2?)
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Moral Life of Muhammad consisted of?
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The 2 main Messages of the Qur'an
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What was the key event in Islamic history
Hijra (shift from Polotheism to Monotheism)
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What are the 5 Pilars od Islam
- Shahadah: To bare Witness that there is only 1 God
- Salat: Ritualized Prayer (5times a day facing Kaba)
- Zakat: Giving Alms to the poor
- Sawm: Abstain from food/sex during daylight hours of Ramadan
- Hajj: A Pilgramage to the Mecca
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Jihad Characteristics
- Military Conquest
- Internal Conflict
- Convert
- Defensive in nature (beliefs)
- End opression
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2 Key events from murder of umma
- Causes a split (Splits the faith; the umma)
- Two groups are formed
- -Sunni (Traditional prophets)
- -Shi'ites (Minority)
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What are the 2 most significant impacts of the Umayyad Caliphate?
- Arabic Language in Islam Religion
- Unifies withMuslim trade networks
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What is the Central theme of the Umayyad Caliphate?
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What is Islam's Impact on India?
- India becomes most important trade (Indian Ocean)
- Conflict between Islam's monotheistic religion & Buddhist faith
- Baghdad's fall helps India become hub of trade
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What are 2 major Differences between Muslims & Hindu's?
- Monotheism vrs Polytheism (# of Gods)
- Value of Equality
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3 ways how Delhi Sultanate maintain Political & Social Balance
- Loyalty to Kings
- Strong Relationships
- Stressed Virtues
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4 Charateristics of Pre Islamic Africa
- Isolation (Geography & Climate)
- Diversity (Come from Bantu Migration)
- Legends & Folkstory (Oral History)
- Local Rulers
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2 Major developments that 1st foster connections
- Bantu Migrations
- Spread of Islam
- (-Central belief system)
- (-Common Culture)
- (-Trade)
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3 Reasons why did north Africa convert to Islam?
- Factor of economics (&Fright of being killed)
- Eygpt had Sh'iat Rule
- Rest of Africa was Sunni
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What were the 4 effects of the Trans-Saharan trde on West Africa? (Muslims)
- Islamic Faith & Cultural Dominance
- Rise of Trade Routes (Gold)
- Beginnings of Slave Trade in Africa
- Urbanization of West Africa (Kingdoms)
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What are the 2 major themes of Ghana?
- Trade (gold & salt)
- Conversion to islam (in West Africa)
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What caused the Downfall of Ghana?
Conversion to Islam (many followers were weakened)
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What is the foundation of the Mali Kingdom?
- Trade
- -Agriculture is the base
- -Education was important
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What is the key event in the Mali Kingdom?
- The kariban of Masa Musa
- -Mali became hub of the Muslim trade network
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What is the Central Theme in East Africa?
& How was it different?
- 1.) Bantu Migration
- Muslim trade networks
- 2.) Had City states
- Not 1 Centralized Authority
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How are East & West Africa Different? (3Reasons each)
- E-City State
- W-Kingdoms
- -E-Indian Ocean Trade
- -W-OverLand Trade
- E-Slavery
- W-No Slavery
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Central Africa two characteristics
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Main Source in Central & Southern Africa?
- Minning Industries
- -trade networks (Gold is mainsource of trade)
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4 Major Reasons China Becomes Most Dominate Empire
- Technology (Ship Navigation, Gun powder)
- Cohesian (Most effective government)
- Commerce (Merchant Class, Manufacture class)
- Culture affluence
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3 Major Characteristics of East Asian Societies
- Chinese Advancements
- Adapted Buddhism
- Blending of cultures with Chinese cultures
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China's 4 Major Disunities
- Civil Wars
- Disease
- Natural Disasters
- Nomatic Invadors
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Why did China Adapt Buddhism?
- Chaos (Disunity)
- Overland Trade Routes (Got exposed)
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2 Major types of Buddhism
- Traditional
- Adapted Versiom
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What is the Cause of China's Disunity?
the fall of the Han empire
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4 Commercial & Technological Innovations of the Chinese Society
- Civil Service
- Ship (Seal Compartments)
- Flying Cash (Paper Money)
- Printing Process
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What are the 4 end results of China
- Security & Stability
- Population Growth
- Rise of Merchant & Manufacturing Social Class
- Global Adaptations of Chinese Innovations
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Vietnam & the Chinese Impact *
- Vietnam Keeps own identity
- woman had a higher social status
- Dominated by China
- Vassle State of China
- Blending of Vietnam & Chinese Culture
- Independant Aristocratic families (Korea)
- Korea becomes more Chinese
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Japan ( Pre-China) *
- Hunters & Gathers
- Polotheistic
- Prince Shotoku Spread Buddhism
- Blended Chinese
- -kana Writting & Women Writting
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Samurai's were...
- Rural Class became Urban
- Code of Honor
- Peasent & Warrior Class
- Turned to buddhism
- Shogun becomes Commander & Chief
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