Minerals Sodium

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What is the most abundant cation in the ECF

soduim(Na+)
Sodium has a ________ electrolyte charge

positive
What are normal serum sodium levels

136-145mEq/L
What sodium levels can be used to assess kidney function

urine sodium levels
What is the main source of sodium

salt
What is the AI for sodium

1500mg(3/4 tsp), but 2400mg(1tsp) max
What are the functions of sodium
- Maintain osmotic pressure
- Regulates renal retention & excreation of water
- Regulates potassium & chloride levels
- Stimulates neuromuscular reactions
What is sodium exchanged for to maintain acid-balance base levels

potassium or hydrogen
What gets absorbed with(not in exchange for) sodium to keep acid-base levels balanced

chloride or bicarb
What causes hyponatremia
- excessive water in the body:
- Sodium free solutions
- Water intoxication
- Diuretics with sodium restrictions
- Renal failure
- Diabetic acidosis w/polyuria
- Excessive diarrhea & vomiting w/only water replacement
- Addisons disease
What are the S&S of hypoantremia
- Headache
- Muscle cramps
- Weakness
- Memory loss
- Hard time concentrating
- Decreased appetite
What is hypernatremia

loss of large volumes of body fluid without salt concentration loss
What are causes of hypernatremia
- Fever
- Hyperventilation
- Infection
- Excessive diaphoresis
- Watery diarrhea
- Overuse of IV saline solutions
- Impaired renal function
- Decreased sodium excreation
- Corticosteroid use
What are the signs of hypernatremia
- Increased thirst
- dry flushed skin
- poor skin tugor
- hypotension
- dry mucous membranes

Author:	tville01
ID:	163744
Card Set:	Minerals Sodium
Updated:	2012-07-24 09:34:32
Tags:	Minerals Sodium
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Description:	Minerals Sodium
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