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BryanHimmel
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- A. Cerebral aquaduct
- B.Fourth Ventricle
- C. Interventricular Foramen
- D.Lateral Ventricle
- E. Third ventricle
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- A. Cerebral aquaduct
- B.Fourth Ventricle
- C. Interventricular Foramen
- D.Lateral Ventricle
- E. Third ventricle
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What are the lateral Ventricles?
And with which lobe of the brain does each region correspond?
Pair of "C"- shaped structures with "horns."
- Region LobeAnt. horn Frontal
- Body Parietal
- Inf. horn Temporal
- Post. horn Occipital
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What does the interventricular foramen connect?
Lateral Ventricles and third ventricle
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What does the cerebral aquaduct connect?
3rd and 4th ventricles
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What forms the third ventricle?
- Floor - hypothalamus
- Walls - right/left thalamus
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Fourth ventricle:
-to where does it extend to form recesses?
-what does it become in the spinal cord
- Laterally into the cerebral hemispheres
- central canal (after narrowing inferiorly)
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What are the ependyma and where are they located?
- neuroglial cells
- line ventricles
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Choroid plexus:
-What is it?
-What does it do?
-Where is it located?
- specialized capillaries covered with ependymal cells
- produces CSF
- in central parts of all ventricles
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CSF:
-what is it?
-Where is it located?
-What is its purpose?
- Clear lymph-like fluid that is produced by the choroid plexus
- located in the lateral, third & fourth ventricles
- protective cushion for the brain and spinal cord
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Define arachnoid granulations (villi)
Mushroom-like (finger-like) projections that protrude into the dural sinuses of the brain, and allow CSF to exit the brain, and enter the blood stream (venous system)
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From what location does most CSF arise?
Lateral ventricles
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Meninges:
-What are they?
-What is their function?
- Layers of protective covering that surrounds CNS
- With CSF, cradles and suspends brain and spinal cord within bony protection (cushion/protect brain & spinal cord)
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What are the two layers of dura mater and what are the channels they create called?
- Periosteal layer & meningeal layer
- Dural sinuses
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Define falx cerebri
Dura mater separating the right & left cerebral hemispheres
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Define tentorium cerebelli
Dura mater separating occipital lobes of the cerebrum from the cerebellum
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Define falx cerebelli
Dura mater seperating the two cerebellar hemispheres
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Arachnoid trabeculaes:
-What are they?
-From where do they originate?
-What do they do?
- Fibrous filaments
- Extend from the arachnoid to the pia
- Help to “anchor” the brain to prevent it from excessive movement in cases of sudden acceleration or deceleration
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Pia mater:
- Describe it
- Explain its functions
- very thin innner layer that clings to the brains surface, dipping into grooves or contours
- Nourishment (it contains many nerves and blood vessels)
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What is the "conus medularis?"
What extends from the conus medularis?
- The cone shaped end of the spinal cord.
- The filum terminale.
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What is the filum terminale?
How long is it?
To what does it attach?
What is its purpose?
- spinal pia mater gathered at the end of the conus medullaris into a thin, non-nervous filament.
- ~20cm
- the periosteum of the 1st coccygeal vertebra
- to anchor and stabilize the spinal cord
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What is the Lumbar Cistern?
The large subarachnoid space at the level of the conus medullaris.
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Dentate Ligaments:
-What are they?
-Where are they located?
-To what do they attach?
-What is ther function?
- Tooth-like extension from the pia mater of the spinal cord.
- Located on each side of the entire spinal cord.
- Attached to the arachnoid and dura mater.
- To anchor and stabilize the spinal cord.
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Meningitis:
-Define
-Common etiology?
-What part of the meninges is affected?
-What are possible complications?
-Which form is more dangerous?
- Inflammation of the meninges.
- Bacteria or virus invading the CSF.
- Dura may be affected, but pia and arachnoid are more common.
- Blindness, loss of hearing, mental retardation, paralysis & death.
- Bacterial.
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What is the epidural space?
What is it filled with?
- Space between the dura mater and the periosteum of the bone.
- Loose CT and fat.
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What is the subdural space?
What is it filled with?
- Space between the meningeal layer of dura mater and arachnoid.
- Thin film of fluid.
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