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Harsh blowing holosytolic murmur, S3, Wide split S2. Type of murmur?
Mitral Regurgitation
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Opening snap after S2, Diastolic rumble, Loud S1, possible a-fib.
Mitral Stenosis
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Bounding pulses, S3, widened pulse pressure, early diastolic decrescendo murmur @ apex/l sternal border; capillary pulses in nail beds.
Aortic regurge
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Weak prolonged pulse, weak S2, valsalva decreases murmur, dilated Aorta on CXR, ejection click
Aortic Stenosis
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Which murmur is associated with panic disorder?
Mital Prolapse
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S4, systolic murmur, apical impulse; Boot heart on CXR.
Hypertrophic obstructive Cardiomyopathy
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S3, systoic and diastolic murmurs possible, balloon like heart on CXR.
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
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CHF symptoms, Ascites, JVD; normal heart on CXR.
Restrictive (Sarcoidosis or Amyloidosis)
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Pansystolic murmur at lower left sternal border, loud pulmonic S2, systolic thrill
VSD
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Strong impulse over lower L sternal border, wide fixed split S2, systolic ejection murmur at upper left sternal border
ASD
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Wide pulse pressure, continuous murmur at second L intercostal space, loud S2, bounding pulses
PDA
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Early cyanosis, dyspnea, fatigue, child squats for relief during hypoxemic event; systolic ejection murmur at left sternal border; single S2.
Tetralogy of Fallot
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Name three a-blockers. What are the side effects?
- Prazosin, Doxazosin, terazosin
- SE: postural hypotension, headache, rebound HTN
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What are the side effects of beta blockers?
- sexual dysfunction
- bronchoconstriction
- HDL reduction
- increased Triglycerides
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Give examples of Ca channel blockers. What are the side effects?
- Nondihydropyridines: Diltiazem, verapamil
- Dihydropyridines: nifedipine, amlodapine
- SE: Hypotension, headache, constipation, increased reflux
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What are the side effects of statins?
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What are the effects of statins?
- Big decrease in LDL
- Little increase in HDL
- Little decrease in trig
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Benefits and side effects of Ezetimibe?
- decreases LDL
- can cause myalgias
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Name two fibric acids. Benefits. Side effects.
- Gemfibrozil, Fenofibrate
- Big decrease in trig, mod decrease in LDL
- SE: Myositis, increase LFT
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Benefits of Niacin? Side effects?
- Increases HDL, Mod decrease to LDL
- SE: facial flushing, nausea, paresthesias, pruritis, insulin resistance, increased gout
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