biology.txt

Fundamental building block of all matter.

In multicelled organisms, a grouping of tissues engaged in a collective task.

All populations of all species in a given area.

An association of two or more atoms

In multicelled organisms, set of organs engauged ina collective task that keeps the body functioning properly.

A community interacting with its environment.

Smallest unit of life.

Individual that consists of one or more cells.

All regions of Earth where organisms live.

In multicelled organisms, specialized cells organized in a pattern that allows them to perform a collective function.

Group of individuals of the same species that live in a given area

The scientific study of life.

Organism that makes its own food using energy and simple raw materials from the environment.

Organism that gets energy and nutrients by feeding on tissues, wastes, or remains of other organisms.

Substance that an organism needs for growth and survival, but cannot make for itself.

The capacity to do work.

All the enzyme-mediated chemical reactions by which cells accquire and energy as they build and break down organic molecules.

Processes by which parents produce offspring.

Change in a line of descent.

A heritable trait that enhances an individual's fitness.

Set of processes by which an organism keeps its internal conditions within tolerable ranges

In multicelled species, an increase in the number, size, and volume of cells.

Multistep process by which the first cell of a new individual becomes a multicelled adult.

Plasma membrane protein that binds to a particular substance outside of the cell.

Form of energy that a sensory receptor detects.

Difference between results derived from testing an entire group of events or individuals,and results derived from testing a susbet of the group.

The change that a particular outcome of an event will occur.

Generalization that decribes a consistent natural phenomenon for which there is incomplete scientific explanation.

Particle that is a fundamental building block of all matter.

Positively charged subatomic particle that occurs in the nucleus of all atoms.

Uncharged subatomic particle in the atomic nucleus.

Negatively charged subatomic particle that occupies orbitals around an atomic nucleus.

Tabular arrangement of the known elements by atomic number.

Charged atom.

Two or more atoms joined by chemical bonds.

Type of molecule that has atoms of more than one element.

A pure substance that consists only of atoms with the same number of protons.

Electrical property. Opposite charges attract and like charges repel.

Model of electron distribution in an atom.

Measure of the ability of an atom to pull electrons away from other atoms.

An intermingling of two or more types of molecules.

Any separation of charge into distinct positive and negative regions.

Tendency of molecules to resist separating from one another.

Liquid that can dissolve other substances.

Transition of a liquid to a gas.

Describes a substance that dissolves easily in water.

Describes a substance that resists dissolving in water.

A measure of the number of hydrogen ions in a fluid.

Substance that accepts hydrogen ions in water.

Substance that releases hydrogen ions in water.

Set of chemicals that can keep the pH of a solution stable by alternately donating and accepting ions that contribute to pH.

Compound that releases ions other than H+ and OH- when it dissolves in water.

Measure of molecular montion.

The number of molecules or ions per unit volume of a solutions.

A group of atoms bonded to a carbon of an organic compound; imparts a specific chemical property to the molecule.

Fatty, oily, or waxy organic compound.

Molecule that consists primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in a 1:2:1 ratio.

Organic compound that consists of a chain of carbon atoms with an acidic carboxyl group at one end. Carbon chain of saturated types has single bonds only; that of unsaturated types has one or more double bonds.

Organic compound that consists of one or more chains of amino acids (polypeptides).

Monomer of nucleic acids. Consists  of a five-carbon sugar, a nitrogen-containing base, and phosphate groups.

Single or double stranded chain of nucleotides joined by sugar-phosphate bonds; for examples,DNA, RNA.

Small organic compoud that is a subunit of proteins. Consists of a carboxyl group, an aminegroup, and a characteristic side group (R), all typically bonded to the same carbon atom.

A liquid with a phosphate group in its hydrophilic head, and two nonpolar fatty acid tails; main constituent of eukaryotic cell membrances.

Molecules that are subunits of polymers.