-
Carbonites
Metal + CO3
- Calcite
- Smithsonite
- Dolomite
- Rhodochrosite
- Siderite
- Azurite
- Malachite
- -will fizz
- -H=3-4
- -3 planes of cleavage
- -used for cement
-
Calcite
CaCO3
- Carbonite
- Translucent
- 3 planes of cleavage
- H=3
-
Smithsonite
ZnCO3
- Carbonite
- Seagreen
- H=4
- Fizzes
-
Dolomite
CaMg(CO3)2
- Carbonite
- Peach, pink, white, tan
- Saddle shaped crystals
- 3 cleavage planes
- H=4
- Fizzes
-
Rhodochrosite
MnCO3
- Carbonite
- Rose, pink
- H=3.5-4
- Fizzes
- 3 cleavage planes
-
Siderite
FeCO3
- Carbonite
- Brown
- H=4
- Fizzes
- High SG
- 3 cleavage planes
-
Azurite
Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
- Carbonite
- Blue
- with blue streak
- fizzes
- H=3.5-4
-
Malachite
- Cu2CO3(OH)2
- Carbonite
- bumpy-forms with Azurite
- Green
- Botroydrial or radiating crystal form
- fizzes slightly
- H=3.5-4
-
-
Gypsum
CaSO 4*2H 2O
- Sulfate
- Soft H=2 ( can scratch fingernail)
- 3 cleavage planes
- Monoclinic crystals->one face is 90o to one side but not the other
- Clearish White
-
Anhydrite
CaSO 4
- Sulfate
- Massive form
- dull
- H=3
- Powdery grey streaks in crystals
-
Barite
BaSO 4
- Sulfate
- High SG
- tannish brown
- tabular crystals
- brittle
- H=3-3.5
-
-
Apatite
Ca 5(PO 4) 3(OH,F,Cl)
- Phosphate
- Brownish, tan, yellow
- Hexagon shaped crystals
- Sucked on candy look
- H=5
-
Oxides
- Metal+O2
- Pyrolusite
- Rutile
- Corundum
- Hematite
- Ilmenite
- Magnetite
- Chromite
- High SG
- Dark in color
- Mod to high hardness
- used for the metals they contain
-
Pyrolusite
MnO 2
- Oxide
- Leaves black soot on hands
- Black streak
- H=2-4
- High SG
- bumpy
-
Rutile
TiO 2
- Oxide
- Light grey/brown streak
- straight edges/ flat
- small crystal size
- H=6-6.5
- High SG
-
Corundum
Al 2O 3
- Oxide
- Rubies and Saphires
- Hexagon cross sectional shape
- High SG
- H=9
-
Hematite
Fe 2O 3
- Oxide
- Cool to the touch
- Red, brown or black
- Brick red streak
- High SG
- H=5-6
-
Ilmenite
FeTiO3
- Oxide
- Blocky
- Dark in color
- Dark brown/black streak
- H=5-6
- High SG
- Shiney in light
-
Magnetite
Fe3O4
- Oxide
- Black in color
- strongly magnetic
- massive or octahedrons or cubes
- High SG
- H=5-6
-
Chromite
FeCr2O4
- Oxide
- Gradular and massive
- light to medium brown streak
- High SG
- H=5.5
-
Hydroxide
metals+OH group
Goethite
-
Goethite
alphaFeO(OH)
- Hydroxide
- yellow to light brown
- Botroydial, radiating or massive form
- H=5-5.5
-
Halides
Halogen (F,Cl) bonded to an ion
-
Fluorite
CaF2
- Halide
- 4 cleavage planes
- octahedron or cube
- any color
- H=4
-
Halite
NaCl
- Halide
- 3 cleavage planes
- salty
- low SG
- H=2
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