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ernest_thomasiii
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Why study Biology
Biology tells how systems and organisms function and how we live, develop, modify and refine ideas about life.
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What are the molecules of life (Organic, Macro or Biomolecules)?
- Nucleic acids
- Proteins
- Lipids
- Carbohydrates
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What are the most common elements in life?
- C Carbon
- H Hydrogen
- O Oxygen
- P Phosphorous
- S Sulfur
- N Nitrogen
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Life’s levels of organization are:
- Atom
- Molecule
- Biomolecule
- Organelle
- Cells
- Tissue
- Organ
- Organ systems
- Organism
- Population
- Community
- Ecosystem
- Biosphere
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Metabolism
Reaction by which cells acquire and use energy to grow, survive and reproduce.
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Energy
Capacity to do work
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Nutrient
Type of atom or molecule that has essential role in growth and survival and that an organism cannot make for itself
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Producers
Consumers
Decomposers
- Autotroph
- Heterotroph
- Break down remains / waste.
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Six Kingdoms
- Archaebacteria
- Eubacteria
- Protists
- Fungi
- Plants
- Animals
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Nature
Everything that is not artificial
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Atoms
Fundamental building blocks of all substances
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Molecules
forms when two or more atoms of the same or different elements join in chemical bonds
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Population
Group of individuals fo the same kind of organism in a specified area.
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Community
All populations of all species in a specified area
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Ecosystem
A community interacting with its physical and chemical environment
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Homeostasis
Sensing and adjusting conditions of internal environment to maintain favorable conditions.
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Shell model
Helps us check an atom for vacancies
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Atoms are chemically inactive if...
It has no vacancies in its outermost shell
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Electronegativity
A measure of an atom’s ability to pull electrons from other atoms
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Chemical bond
An attractive force that arises between two atoms when their electrons interact
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Compounds
Molecules that consist of two or more different elements in proportions that do not vary
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Ion
An atom with different numbers of electrons and protons
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Producers
Acquire energy and simple raw materials from environmental sources and make their own food
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Consumers
Cannot make their own food; they get energy and nutrients indirectly by eating producers and other organisms
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Receptor
Molecule or cellular structure that responds to a specific form of stimulation
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DNA
The signature molecule of life
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Development
Orderly transformation of the first cell of a new individual into an adult
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Genus
Group of species that share a unique set of features
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Isotope
Atom has the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
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Ionic Bond
Mutual attraction of two oppositely charged ions
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Covalent Bond
Two atoms share a pair of electrons
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Hydrophobic
Water-dreading
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Cohesion
Molecules resist separating from one another
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pH
Measure of the number of H+ ions in a solution
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Acids
Donate hydrogen ions as they dissolve in water
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Bases
Accept hydrogen ions as they dissolve in water
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Salt
A compound that dissolves easily in water and releases ions other than H+ and OH-
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Radioisotope
Unstable isotope that emits particles and energy when its nucleus disintegrates
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Tracer
Molecule that has a detectable substance (such as a radioisotope) attached
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Buffer System
A chemical partnership between a weak acid or base and its salt
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Properties of Water
- Bonds to hydrophilic
- Repels hydrophobic
- Temperature stable
- Expands when freezes
- Cohesive
- Capacity to dissolve substances
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Hydrogen Ions
- Unbound proton
- Have important biological effects
- Form when water ionizes
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