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BIO 110-03 Chapters 1-3
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Why study Biology
Biology tells how systems and organisms function and how we live, develop, modify and refine ideas about life.
What are the molecules of life (Organic, Macro or Biomolecules)?
Nucleic acids
Proteins
Lipids
Carbohydrates
What are nucleic acids?
DNA
RNA
What are the most common elements in life?
C Carbon
H Hydrogen
O Oxygen
P Phosphorous
S Sulfur
N Nitrogen
Life’s levels of organization are:
Atom
Molecule
Biomolecule
Organelle
Cells
Tissue
Organ
Organ systems
Organism
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Biosphere
Metabolism
Reaction by which cells acquire and use energy to grow, survive and reproduce.
Energy
Capacity to do work
Nutrient
Type of atom or molecule that has essential role in growth and survival and that an organism cannot make for itself
Producers
Consumers
Decomposers
Autotroph
Heterotroph
Break down remains / waste.
Life's Domains
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
Six Kingdoms
Archaebacteria
Eubacteria
Protists
Fungi
Plants
Animals
Nature
Everything that is not artificial
Atoms
Fundamental building blocks of all substances
Molecules
forms when two or more atoms of the same or different elements join in chemical bonds
Population
Group of individuals fo the same kind of organism in a specified area.
Community
All populations of all species in a specified area
Ecosystem
A community interacting with its physical and chemical environment
Bioshpere
Earth
Homeostasis
Sensing and adjusting conditions of internal environment to maintain favorable conditions.
Shell model
Helps us check an atom for vacancies
Atoms are chemically inactive if...
It has no vacancies in its outermost shell
Electronegativity
A measure of an atom’s ability to pull electrons from other atoms
Chemical bond
An attractive force that arises between two atoms when their electrons interact
Compounds
Molecules that consist of two or more different elements in proportions that do not vary
Ion
An atom with different numbers of electrons and protons
Producers
Acquire energy and simple raw materials from environmental sources and make their own food
Consumers
Cannot make their own food; they get energy and nutrients indirectly by eating producers and other organisms
Receptor
Molecule or cellular structure that responds to a specific form of stimulation
DNA
The signature molecule of life
Development
Orderly transformation of the first cell of a new individual into an adult
Species
Kind of organism
Genus
Group of species that share a unique set of features
Isotope
Atom has the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
Ionic Bond
Mutual attraction of two oppositely charged ions
Covalent Bond
Two atoms share a pair of electrons
Hydrophilic
Water-loving
Hydrophobic
Water-dreading
Cohesion
Molecules resist separating from one another
pH
Measure of the number of H+ ions in a solution
Acids
Donate hydrogen ions as they dissolve in water
Bases
Accept hydrogen ions as they dissolve in water
Salt
A compound that dissolves easily in water and releases ions other than H+ and OH-
Radioisotope
Unstable isotope that emits particles and energy when its nucleus disintegrates
Tracer
Molecule that has a detectable substance (such as a radioisotope) attached
Buffer System
A chemical partnership between a weak acid or base and its salt
Properties of Water
Bonds to hydrophilic
Repels hydrophobic
Temperature stable
Expands when freezes
Cohesive
Capacity to dissolve substances
Hydrogen Ions
Unbound proton
Have important biological effects
Form when water ionizes
Buffers in the body
Cytoplasm
Blood plasma
Author
ernest_thomasiii
ID
169430
Card Set
BIO 110-03 Chapters 1-3
Description
Biology Notes
Updated
10/1/2012, 9:42:13 PM
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