-
infection and inflammation of bronchial airways
acute bronchitis
-
acute, life-threatening condition of lung injury that develops secondary to some other lung trauma or disorder
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- (ARDS)
-
inflammation of the nasal membranes, caused by allergies
allergic rhinitis
-
respiratory disease caused by chronic or repetitive inhalation of ________ fibers
asbestosis
-
disease marked by episodic narrowing and inflammation of the airways, resulting in wheezing, SOB, and cough
asthma
-
partial collapse of the alveoli and tiny airways of the lung
atelectasis
-
a skill often taught in first-aid courses that helps restore a victims breathing and circulation
- cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- (CPR)
-
group of diseases in which alveolar air sacs are destroyed and chronic, severe SOB results
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- COPD
-
respiratory disease caused by chronic or repetitive inhalation of coal dust;
aka black lung/ anthracosis
- coal workers pneumoconiosis
- CWP
-
acute inflammation of the nasal mucosa;the common cold
coryza
-
abnormal crackly lung sound-like the sound of rice-krispies--heard with a stethoscope, caused by air passing over retained secretions or by the sudden opening of collapsed airways
crackles
-
acute viral disease, usually in children, marked by a barking, "seal-like" cough and respiratory distress
croup
-
fatal genetic disease that causes frequent respiratory infections, increased airway secretions, and COPD in children
-
condition in which the nasal septum is displaced to the side, causing the two nares (nasal passages) to be unequal
deviated septum
-
disorder marked by abnormal increase in the size of air spaces distal to th terminal bronchiole and destruction of the alveolar walls, resulting in loss of normal elasticity and in progressive dyspnea
emphysema
-
collection of infected fluid (pus) between the two pleural membranes that line the lungs
empyema
-
episode of bleeding from the nose; aka nosebleed
epistaxis
-
coughing up blood from the respiratory tract
hemoptysis
-
condition in which blood or bloody fluid has collected within the intrapleural space, causing lung compression and respiratory distress
hemothorax
-
systemic respiratory disease caused by histoplasma capsulatum, a fungus found in soil contaminated with bird droppings
histoplasmosis
-
chronic retention of CO2 causing symptoms of mental cloudiness and lethargy
hypercapnia
-
common, contagious, acute viral respiratory illness; aka flu
influenza
-
condition of inflammation of the larynx, evidenced by a temporary hoarseness or loss of the voice
laryngitis
-
bacterial lung infection caused by the bacterium _______ pneumophila
legionellosis
-
rounded tissue growths on the nasal or sinal mucosa
nasal polyps
-
dysfunctional breathing that occurs when the upper airway is intermittently blocked during sleep
- obstructive sleep apnea
- OSA
-
labored breathing that occurs when lying flat and improves when sitting up
orthopnea
-
inflammation of the pharynx; sore throat
pharyngitis
-
excess collection of fluid in the intrapleural space
pleural effusion
-
condition in which the pleurae become inflamed, causing sharp inspiratory chest pain; aka pleuritis
pleurisy
-
any disease of the respiratory tract caused by chronic or repetitive inhalation of dust particles
pneumoconiosis
-
bacterial or viral infection of the lungs
pneumonia
-
condition in which air collects in the intrapleural space, categorized as open, closed, spontaneous, or tension, and commonly called collapsed lung
pneumothorax
-
sudden obstruction of a pulmonary blood vessel by debris, blood clots, or other matter
-
contagious infection caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis organism, primarily affecting the lungs but sometimes also spreading to and affecting other organ systems
-
coarse, gurgling sound heard in the lungs witha stethoscope, caused by secretions in the air passages
rhonchi
-
respiratory disease caused by chronic or repetitive inhalation of silica (quartz) dust
silicosis
-
inflammation of the lining of the sinus cavaties
sinusitis
-
high-pitched upper-airway sound heard without a stethoscope, indicating airway obstruction; a medical emergency
stridor
-
infection and inflammation of upper-airway structures, usually caused by a virus; aka common cold
- upper respiratory infection
- URI
-
somewhat musical sound heard in the lungs, usually with a stethoscope, caused by a partial airway obstruction (such as with asthma)
wheeze
-
measurement of O2 and CO2 levels and acid-base balance (pH balance) in arterial blood
-
visual examination of the airways of the lungs
bronchoscopy
-
radiological picture of the lungs
chest x-ray
-
intradermal injection of tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) just beneath the surface of the skin to identify whether the patient has been exposed to tuberculosis
Mantoux test
-
handheld device used to deliver medication to the patients lower airways
-
device that produces a fine spray or mist to deliver medication to a patients deep airways
Nebulizer
-
infusion of a sterile, irritating substance into the pleural space causing the pleural linings to fuse to one another by developing scar tissue
Pleurodesis
-
placement of the patient in various positions that facilitate drainage of secretions from the lungs, often done along with chest physiotherapy (CPT)
postural drainage
-
radiographic examination of pumonary circulation after injection of a contrast dye
pulmonary angiography
-
group of tests that provide information regarding lung capacity; aka spirometry
- pulmonary function tests
- PFTs
-
indirect measurement of arterial-blood O2 saturation level, aka Spo2 ; the normal level in a person with healthy lungs is 97% to 99%
pulse oximetry
-
examination of mucus or fluid coughed up from the lungs
sputum analysis
-
surgical puncture of the chest wall to remove fluid from the interpleural space; aka pleurocentesis
Thoracentesis
-
measurement of the volume of air that can be exhaled after maximum inspiration
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