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Oxygen(O)
- 65% of total body mass
- Part of water and many organic (carbon-containing) molecules.
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Carbon(C)
- 18%
- Forms back bone chains and rings of all organic molecules; carbohydrates, lipids (fats), proteins, and nucleic acids.
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Hydrogen(H)
- 9.5%
- Consitutent of water and most organic molecules; ionized form (H+) makes body fluids more acidic.
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Nitrogen(N)
- 3.2%
- component of all proteins and nucleic acids.
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Calcium(Ca)
Strengthes bones, iodized form of(Ca++), needed for blood clotting,release of hormones , and contraction of muscles.
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Phosphorus(P)
component of nucleic acid and ATP (molecules used to store chemicalenergy), required for normal bone and tooth structure.
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Potassium(K)
Ionized form of (K+) is mostplentiful caution(positively-charged Particals), inside cells; needed for nerve activity.
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Sulfur(S)
Component of some vitamins and many proteins.
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Sodium(Na)
Chlorine(Cl)
Always together
- Na
- Ionized for of (Na+) is the most plentiful cation in extracelluar fluid. essential for maintaining water balance, needed for nerve activity.
- Cl.
- Ionized form of (Cl-) anion(- charged partical) in extracellular fluid; essential for maintaining watter balance.
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Manesium(Mg)
Ionized forms (Mg++)needed for many enzymes (oxygen-carry protein in red blood cells) and some emzymes.
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Iron(Fe)
Ionized forms (Fe++ and Fe+++) are part of hemoglobin (oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells) and some enzymes .
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Trace elements
Aluminum(Al), boron(B), chromium(Cr), cobalt(Co), copper(Cu), fluorine(F), iodine(I), maganese(Mn), and zinc(Zn).
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