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Savsta
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What is asthma?
- > reversible disorder caused by restricted airway
- > most common in children, and continued as adults
- > Treatment is around educating client and make goals that serve to manage the trigger and symptoms associated with asthma attack.
- >Chronic inflammatory condition that affects respiratory
- system particularly the bronchioles
- >inflammation occurs in response to triggers activated
- by mast cell, eosinophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils.
- >symptoms: wheezing, breathlessness, coughing, SOB, and
- tightness in the chest.
- >Extreme case can lead to hypoxia/decrease oxygen
- supplies leading to respiratory failure
- >intervention is required immediately
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Inspiration
- As you breath in, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles
- contract causing thoracic cavity to expand. The rib cage elevates and lungs expand and stretch to accommodation incoming air. Intrapulmonary volume increases.
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Expiration
- As you breath out the external intercostal muscle relax, the
- diaphragm relaxes, the rib cage descends and the lungs recoil. Intrapulmonary volume decreases and gases are forced out of the lungs
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Asthma triggers
>colds and Flu viruses
>cigarette smoke
>exercise and activity
>allergies
>chemicals and dusts in environment
>temperature and weather changes
>emotions
>fumes
>household sprays
>some medicines
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Risk factors
>15% of Nzers are affected mostly maori’s
- >Not confined to children, can happen at any time during
- life span
>not treated immediately can result to death
>genetic linked
- >exposure to an increased number of allergens during
- childhood increases risks of developing asthma
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diagnosis
- >made based on Hx, physical assessment-blood tests, x ray
- & lung function test using spirometer
>asking the right questions is essential and obtain hx
>What symptoms are presented and when?
- >Ensure client have a dairy to record all symptoms occurring
- and time, worsen
>Record personal best peak flow measurement
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Peak flows
- >very effective tool that allows person with asthma to
- manage their symptoms by identifying when lung functioning is impaired.
- >Measure the amount of air that is forced out of the
- lungs when a person exhales
>measurement is decreased during asthma attack
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