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Reptile cells readily _____.
rupture
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Which WBCs are rare in snakes?
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Do we know alot about reptile hematology?
no
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Where are the places we can collect blood in snakes?
- ventral coccygeal
- heart
- palantine veins
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What is the ventral coccygeal vein?
tail vein
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Do we use the palantine veins often? Where are they?
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Where is the ventral coccygeal vein?
behind the vent
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What is the vent?
scale that covers the cloaca (where poop, pee, and eggs come out)
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Where can we collect turtle blood?
- jugular vein
- occipital plexus
- brachial vein
- subcarapacial sinus
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Which place is the easiest to collect in a turtle?
jugular
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Where is the occipital plexus?
back of the head
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Where is the subcarapacial sinus?
under the shell right below the carapace
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Which turtles do we use the subcarapacial sinus the most in?
aquatic turtles
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If we aren't careful what might contaminate our subcarapacial sinus sample?
might accidently hit the lymph sinus and our lymphocytes will be elevated...the blood will be a milky color
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What are the places to collect blood in a lizard?
- caudal tail vein
- ventral abdominal vein along midline
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Which place is the easiest to collect blood in a lizard?
caudal tail vein
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What do erythrocytes look like in reptiles?
nucleated, pink cytoplasm
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What is a normal PCV for reptiles?
20 - 40%
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What can cause the PCV to vary?
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What do heterophils look like in reptile blood?
numerous fusiform (rod shaped) eosinophilic granules
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What is the most common granulocyte?
heterophil
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What percent of leukocytes are heterophils in reptiles?
40%
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What kind of nucleus do heterophils have in reptiles?
- single nucleus
- round to oval
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What do eosinophils look like in reptiles?
- cytoplasmic eosinophilic granules
- nuclei single or bi-lobed (eccentric)
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What colors are the granules stained in eosinophils in iguanas?
stain blue
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What do basophils look like in reptiles?
blue to purple granules in cytoplasm
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What color are the granules in basophils in iguanas?
red
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What do the granules usually do to the nucleus in a basophil?
obscure the basophil
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How many basophils do we normally see in reptiles?
up to 40%
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What do lymphocytes look like in reptiles?
- round cell with round nucleus
- blue cytoplasm
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What do monocytes look like in reptiles?
- light blue gray cytoplaasm
- vacuoles
- single nucleus oval to indented
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What are azurophils in reptiles?
cytoplasm has fine eosinophilic granules and appears red
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What are azurophils derived from?
monocytes
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How do we count azurophils?
count it as a monocyte for our calculations but count separately on the differential
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What do thrombocytes look like in reptiles?
- elliptical to round cells
- clear cytoplasm
- dense nucleus
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Name these WBCs. What animal?
- heterophil on the left, eosinophil on the right
- Aldabra tortoise
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What WBC is this?
azurophil
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What WBC is in the middle?
eosinophil
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What are these WBCs and what animal?
- eosinophil on the bottom
- heterophil on the top
- box turtle
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What is this? What animal?
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What is this? What animal?
- degranulating heterophil - vacuoles caused by stain artifacts
- crocodile
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Name these cells.
- eosinophil on the top left
- monocyte on the bottom left
- lymphocyte on the right
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What are these cells?
- erythrocytes
- erythroblasts
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What are these blood parasites?
- haemogregarines on the left
- haemoproteus on the right
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What blood parasite is this?
haemoproteus
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What WBC is this? What animal?
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What WBC is this? What animal?
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What WBC is this? What animal?
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What WBC is this? What animal?
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What WBC is this? What animal?
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What is going on in this cell? What animal is it?
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What are these two cells?
- lymphocyte to the left
- immature RBC to the right
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What WBCs are these?
monocytes
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What WBC is this? What animal?
- heterophil
- snapping turtle
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What is this?
microfilaria
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What WBC is this? What animal?
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What are these cells? What animal?
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What WBC is this? What animal?
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What WBC is this? What animal?
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What are these cells from left to right? What animal?
- lymphocyte, eosinophilk, monocyte
- snake
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What WBC is this? What animal?
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Name these cells from top to bottom. What animal?
- heterophil, erythrocyte, lymphocyte, eosinophil
- snapping turtle
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What WBCs are these?
thrombocytes
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