study of evolution of cognition and behavior using principles of natural selection
evolutionary psych
which cultures tend to be the "tightest" in terms of maintaining culture
the cultures of societies that are facing threats like war or famine.
More sensitive to smells and sounds
More vulnerable to anxiety & depression
Has 70% more fat, 40% less muscle
Describe themselves in more relational terms
Experience more relationship-linked emotions
Gravitate toward jobs that reduce inequalities
Buy 3x as many gifts and greeting cards
Women
Slower to enter puberty but quicker to die
3x more likely to be dx w/ ADHD, 5x more likely
to commit suicides
Play more aggressively as kids
Focus on tasks and on connections with lg groups
Respond to stress with “fight or flight” response
Gravitate toward jobs that enhance inequalities
Men
Set of behavior expectations (norms) for males and females
Gender role
True or false?
50 percent of individual variations in personality traits is by parental nurturing
The other 50 percent is peer influence
True.. (according to book)
Where does human kind originate?
Africa
which cultures have the strongest norms?
Expressiveness- Mediterranean vs formal Europe
Punctuality- Latin America vs N. American
What are universal similarites in culture?
Universal friendship norms- secret keeping etc
Universal trait dimensions- Descriptions according to OCEAN
Universal social belief dimensions- cynicism, social complexity, reward for application, spirituality and fate control
Universal status norms- hierarchy respected everywhere
Incest taboo
Norms of war
More often think about and initiate sex
have less investment in childbearing, a few seconds really. Sperm is reproduced by the thousands and the idea is to “spread the seed” and therefore increase chances of genetic
line.
More aggression in past led to better mating opportunities
Men
have only finite amount of eggs and investment is 9months minimum.
desire historically a male to provide for them.
Are more inspired by emotional passion
·
Greater value on female sexuality than on male sexuality.
Women
Set of behavior expectations (norms) for males and females
Gender roles vary over culture, and over time (stable)
Very similar between the sexes
Gender Role
T/F
50 percent of individual variations in personality traits is by parental nurturing
The other 50 percent is peer influence
True
Biology and experience interact when biological traits influence how the environment reacts
Biology is a predisposition and environmental factors like culture shapes the ultimate outcome
