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Operational Environment Definition
Composite of the conditions, circumstances and influences that affect the employment of capabilities and bear on the decisions of the commander.
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Three Levels of War & Analysis Tools
- Strategic (DIME)
- Operational (PMESII-PT)
- Tactical (METT-TC)
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Categories of People in an OE
- Enemy (Hostile, can engage)
- Adversary (Potentially hostile, sympathize with enemy)
- Supporter (Sympathize with friendly forces)
- Neutral
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Threats Definition
Actors, entities or forces that have the capability and intent to harm U.S. forces, interests or homeland.
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Five Threat Categories
- Traditional (Force-on-force)
- Irregular (Asymetric)
- Catastrophic (NBC/WMD)
- Disruptive (Technology [EW])
- Hybrid (Mix of threats)
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PMESII-PT
- OPERATIONAL VARIABLES
- -Political
- -Military
- -Economic
- -Social
- -Information
- -Infrastructure
- -Physical Environment
- -Time
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PMESII-PT: Political
Distribution of responsiblity and power at all levels of governance; structure of government
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PMESII-PT: Military
Capabilities of all armed forces in a given operational environment
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PMESII-PT: Economic
Individual and group behaviors related to producing, distributing and consuming resources
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PMESII-PT: Social
Societies within an operational environment; CULTURE
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PMESII-PT: Information
The aggregate of individuals, organizations, and systems that collect, process, disseminate, or act on information.
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PMESII-PT: Infrastructure
Basic facilities, services and installations needed for a society to function
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PMESII-PT: Physical Environment
Geography and man-made structures within an operational environment
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PMESII-PT: Time
Always a limiting factor; does not favor U.S. interests
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METT-TC (Mission Variables)
- Aspects of the OE that directly affect the mission
- -Mission
- -Enemy
- -Terrain/Weather (OAKOC, WATCH-VP)
- -Troops/Support
- -Time Available
- -Civil Considerations (ASCOPE)
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Military Aspects of Terrain (OAKOC)
- -Observation & Fields of Fire
- -Avenues of Approach
- -Key Terrain
- -Obstacles
- -Cover & Concealment
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Military Aspects of Weather (WATCH-VP)
- -Wind
- -Atmospheric Pressure
- -Temperature
- -Clouds
- -Humidity
- -Visibility
- -Precipitation
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Civil Considerations (ASCOPE)
- -AREAS
- -STRUCTURES
- -CAPABILITIES
- -ORGANIZATIONS
- -PEOPLE
- -EVENTS
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Spectrum of Conflict
- Ascending scale of violence
- -Stable peace (No militarily significant violence)
- -Unstable peace (Factions threatening)
- -Insurgency (Attempt to overthrow government)
- -General War (Open conflict)
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Operational Themes
- Describe the character of the dominant military operation. Help us know what we're doing.
- -Major Combat Operations
- -Peacetime Military Engagement
- -Limited Intervention
- -Peace Operations
- -Irregular Warfare
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Operational Themes: Irregular Warfare
- -Counterinsurgency
- -Support to insurgency
- -Unconventional Warfare
- -Foreign Internal Defense (FID)
- -Combating Terrorism
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Operational Themes: Peace Operations
- -Peacekeeping
- -Peace Enforcement
- -Peacemaking
- -Peace Building
- -Conflict Prevention
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Operational Themes: Limited Intervention
- -Noncombatant Evacuation Operations (NEO)
- -Raid
- -Strike
- -Show of Force
- -Foreign Humanitarian Assistance (FHA)
- -Consequence Management
- -Enforcement of Sanctions
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Operational Themes: Peacetime Military Engagement
- -Multinational training events and exercises
- -Joint Combined Exchange Training
- -State Partnership Program
- -Military Support to Security Assistance
- -Regional Defense Counterterrorism Programs
- -Recovery Operations
- -Nation Assistance
- -Arms Control
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