Amines Org. Chem

  1. Amines are derivatives of _____________ and thus are____________ ___________.
    Ammonia; weak bases
  2. functional group
    N atom
  3. things that contain nitrogen (amines)
    enzymes, protiens, DNA, hormones, Rx drugs, illegal drugs
  4. enzymes are
    bent bc of H bonding
  5. Amine classification
    • primary,secondary, tertiary
    • # of Carbon atoms directly bonded to the Nitrogen
  6. Amines accept _____ from an _______, acting as weak bases, and become an _______.
    hydrogen; acid; ion
  7. an ion with all 4 hydrogens replaced with alkyl groups is called
    • quartenary ammonium
    • (known as an ammonium ion, not an amide)
  8. In the common system, you name amines by
    naming the group or groups attached to the nitrogen atom and adding the word amine.
  9. amino group attatched to a benzene ring is called
    aniline
  10. ions are named ______ except we end them with ___________.
    like amines; -ammonium ion
  11. amines capable of hydrogen bonding
    primary, secondary
  12. compare N-H bond to O-H bond
    N-H bond in amines/amides isnt as strong as O-H because O is more electronegative than N
  13. tertiary amines BPs
    close to ethers bc they are incapable of H bonding
  14. name with decreasing polarity groups that are polar with hydrogen bonding
    • carboxylic acids
    • alcohols
    • amides
    • amines (only prim. and sec.)
  15. name with decreasing polarity groups that are polar with NO hydrogen bonding
    • esters
    • aldehydes/ketones
    • ethers
    • tertiary amines
  16. groups that are non-polar
    • hydrocarbons like
    •    alkanes
    • alkenes
    • alkynes
    • aromatics
  17. low # carbon amines smell
    like ammonia
  18. large # carbon amines smell like _________. Amines responseable?
    dead fish; putrescine, cadaverine (both diamines)
  19. amines as bases
    the lone pair on the N can accept a proton (hydrogen ion) from H2O to form the ammonium ion and the hydroxide ionImage Upload 2
  20. top 3 strong acids?
    • hydrochloric HNO3
    • sulfuric H2SO4
    • nitric HNO3
    • all want to donate hydrogens
  21. insoluable amines will ______
    • react with strong acids to form soluable ammonium salts.
    • (a compound that's insoluable will always be soluable as a salt of that compound)
    • Image Upload 4
  22. naming ammonium salts
    • name the +ion first, the - second
    • remember if - part is a carboxylic acid, ends in -ate, otherwise if just an element, -ide
  23. Rx companies convert
    drugs that are insoluable to soluable amines for ease of transport in the blood
  24. carboxylic acids react with ammonia to produce _____
     amides +H2O
  25. carboxylic acids react with amines to produce_____.  used for
    substituted amides and H2O; linking amino acids to make protiens. peptide bonds...Image Upload 6
  26. amide group bond
    peptides
  27. _________ is ________ and occurs naturally in some foods.
    Sodium Nigrite; inorganic
  28. gives pink color to foods
    Sodium Nitrite; makes it more appealing
  29. Sodium nitrite is an additive in ____ and ___. prevents _____
    hot dogs and cold cuts; growth of bacteria, especially kind that causes botulism ( potentially fatal food poisioning)
  30. theory about nitrites
    responseable for stomach and intestinal cancer; some say there is no connection
  31. when consumed, nitrites
    react with stomach acid (HCl) to produce nitrous acid that then reacts with amines in our food to create nitrosoamines
  32. heterocyclic amines consist of
    different atoms other than carbon in a cyclic compound
  33. _____ contains heterocylcic amines.
    • DNA bases (A,T,C,G)
    • sugars (heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen)
  34. Image Upload 8
    pyridine-common heterocyclic amine
  35. amides are
    when there is a NH2 (can be substituted) in place of the OH group thats attatched to the C with the =O of carboxylic acids
Author
annasch95
ID
174932
Card Set
Amines Org. Chem
Description
organic chemistry amines
Updated