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sweetlu
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
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Urethritis, conjunctivitis and arthritis
Reactive arthritis
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fever, foul breath and sore throat
suggestive of retrophaygeal abscess
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Barrets esophagus dx criteria
change in the lining of the esophagus from normal squamous epithelium to columnar epithelium of intestinal type (containing goblet cells) above the GE junction
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known Barretts esophagus pt survellince
endoscopy every 3 years to look for metaplasia or adenocn
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achalasia increases risk of what
sq cell carcinoma of esophagus
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mid esophageal diverticulum with mediastinal adhesions or abnormal motility
Traction diverticulum
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diverticulum located above the LES
epiphrenic diverticulum
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esophagitis with multinucleated inclusion body
HSV esophagitis
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dysphagia with wt loss, hemorrhage, chest pain and vomitting
adenocarcinoma, usually the result of Barretts esophagus
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keratin pearls
sign of squamous cell carcinoma
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dysphagia with obstruction, cachexia, debilitation and hoarseness
sc cell carcinoma of esophagus
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vacuolated SI epithelial cells
abetalipoproteinemia- accumulation of FA and trigs in cells due to inability of intestinal cells to secrete once taken up
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malabsorption with spur cells (acanthocytes)
abetalipoproteinemia
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carcinoid tumors from chronic gastritis
AI mediated chronic gastritis
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mucosal mass with enlarged foveolar glands
hyperplastic (inflammatory) polyps
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polyp associated with PPI use
- fundic gland polyp
- low acid=> increased gastrin=> fundic gland stimulation
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signet ring
diffuse type gastric adenocarcinoma
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periumbilical metastasis (sister mary nodule)
metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma
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kruckenburg tumor
metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma (diffuse type)
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treatment for gastric marginal zone lymphoma
tx of H. pylori infection usually induces remission
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lymphoma with reactive germinal centers
gastric marginal zone lymphoma
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"fish flesh" appearance of gross specimen
diffuse large B cell lymphoma of stomach
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LCA + and cytokeratin -
diffuse large B cell lymphoma
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well differentialted neuroendocrine carcinoma
gastric carcinoid tumor
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Chromagranin A + &/or synaptophysin +
neuroendocrine markers= gastric carcinoid tumor
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tumor showing differentiation of cell of Cajal (peristalsis pacemakers) made of spindled cells
GI stromal tumor
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c-KIT or CD117 tyrosine kinase expression
GIST (GI stromal tumor)
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typical opportunistic pathogen of GIT associated with abx use
C. difficile
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explosive, watery diarrhea early, progressing to fatty, bloating stools with weight loss
Giardia
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profuse watery diarrhea
rota virus
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anion gap
- anion gap = Na - (Cl + HCO3)
- normal= 8-12
- >12 = MUD PILES
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pseudomembranous colitis
C. diff (G+, anaerobic, spore forming bacillus)
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steatorrhea with protozoal infection
giardia
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autofluorescent protozoa
isospora belli
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modified acid fast positive sporozoa
isospora belli and cryptospridium
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"flask-shaped ulcer" in colon
Entamoeba histolytica
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nucleus with spoke like formations
entamoeba histolytics (amebic dysentary)
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nuclei with 4 cysts
giadia or entamoeba histolytica
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perianal itching
pinworm- enterobius vermicularis
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ova with a thick shell, wavy, ruffled surface 
- ascaris worm:
- f/o transmission
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"ground itch"/ maculopapular rash on feet
- hookworm: Ancyclostoma duodenale or Necator americanus
- site of penetration of larvae into skin
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Fe deficiency anemia in parasite infection
Hookwarm: Ancyclostoma duodenale or Necator americanus
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pinworm egg- enterobius vermicularis
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hookworm ova: Ancyclostoma duodenale or Necator americanus
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ook 
Schistoma mansoni ova
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"lead pipe" sign on XR of colon due to loss of haustra
UC
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CagA protein
- marker for inflammation and cancer
- produced by H. pylori
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H. pylori tx
- amoxicillin, metronidazole and a PPI
- decreased recurrence rate to 30% (from 80%)
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cobble stone appearance on barium swallow
Candida albicans typically
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