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acts on bone marrow to increase the production of red blood cells.
Erythropoeitin
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tissues cannot take up glucose effectively, causing blood glucose levels to become very high
hyperglycemia
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condition resulting from to little insulin secreted from the pancreatic islets; insufficient numbers of insuling receptors on target cells, or defective receptors that do not respond to insulin
diabetes mellitus
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area of hypothalamus that controls appetite.
satiety center
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part of the pancreatic islets that secrete insulin
beta cells
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part of the pancreatic islets that secrete glucagon
alpha cells
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cellular mass in the tissue of the pancreas. source of insulin and glucagon
pancreatic islets
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a potent vasoconstrictor; and it stimulates the secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex
angiotensin 1
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converting enzyme
angiotensin
-
protein found in the blood that gives rise to angiotensin 1 after renin; enzyme secreted by kidneys, acts on it.
angiotensinogen
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enzyme secreted by the kidney that converts the plasma protein angiotensinogen to angiotensin 1
renin
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an abnormally low rate of PTH secretion
hypothyroidism
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an abnormally high rate of PTH secretion
hyperthyroidism
-
enlargement of the thyroid gland
Goiter
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type of hyperthyroidism that results when the immune system produces abnormal proteins that are similar in structure and function to TSH
Grave's disease
-
a lack of thyroid hormones
hypothyroidism
-
hypothyroidism in infants; causes mental retardation, short stature, & abnormally formed skeletal structures
cretinism
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elevated rate of thyroid hormone secretion, causes an increased metabolic rate, extreme nervousness, and chronic fatigue
hyperthroidism
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antidiuretic hormone-binds to membrane-bound receptors and increases water reabsorption by kidney tubules
vasopression
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facial features & hands become abnormally large; result of giantism
acromegaly
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abnormal growth in young people, when excess growth hormone is present before bones are finished growing in length; person is abnormally tall.
giantism
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a young person who suffers from a deficiancy of growth hormones remains small, although normally proportioned
pituitary dwarf
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pituitary gland- secretes hormones that influence the function of several other glands & tissues. (controls other glands.)
master gland
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existence and maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body despite fluctuations in either the external and internal environment
homeostasis
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tissue on which a hormone acts
target tissue
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chemical messengers, secreted by endocrine glands into blood that acts on a target tissue to produce a specific response
hormone
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gland that secretes to a surface or outward through a duct
exocrine gland
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gland that secretes (hormones, etc) internally
endocrine gland
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Major systems that regulate homeostasis
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