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LaurenCamp29
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What type of bond holds a water molecule together?
Polar covalent bond
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Why do polar covalent bonds hold a water molecule together?
Due to an uneven distribution of electrons
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What type of bond holds one water molecule to another?
Hydrogen bond
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What's another thing to call water?
Universal solvent
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Is walking on water possible?
No
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Due to an uneven charge distribution h20 is unique because...
Of cohesion
- Adhesion
- And it's a universal solvent (many things dissolve in water)
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What is cohesion?
When things are attracted to each other
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What is adhesion?
When things stick to other things
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What does adhesion have I do with water?
Water has the ability to stick to other surfaces (in a meniscus)
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What does cohesion have to do with water?
Water molecules are attracted to each other
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Explain how you can prevent breaking surface tension
By distributing weight evenly
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What is h20 + ice tea mix = iced tea an example of?
Solution
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What is the solvent in the example:
h20 + ice tea mix = iced tea
Water
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What is the solute in the example :
h20 + ice tea mix = iced tea
Iced tea mix
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What is a solute?
The thing that gets dissolved
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What is a solvent?
The things that dissolves
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2 or more elements/compounds mixed together but not chemically combined
A mixture
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Give 3 examples of a mixture
- Salad
- Trail mix
- Oil and vinegar
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What do all organic things contain?
Carbon
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What does not have carbon?
Inorganic compounds
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Why is carbon a unique element?
The 4 stable single covalent bonds
The ability to form chains
The 2 stable double covalent bonds
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How do you find out if something is a carb?
The H:O ratio is 2:1
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How can you tell if something is a lipid?
It has a ratio greater than 2:1 of H:O
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How can you tell if something is a protein?
N
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What are the four groups of organic compounds
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Proteins
- Nucleic acids
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What are carbohydrates made up of?
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
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What is the ratio for hydrogen and oxygen
2:1
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What do carbohydrates usually end in?
Ose
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What are the three main groups of carbohydrates?
- Monosaccharides
- Disaccharides
- Polysaccharides
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Monosaccharides formula
C6 H12 O6
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What is sugar found in milk?
Galactose
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What does monosaccharides mean?
One sugar
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It is found in fruit
Fructose
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What do all of the monosaccharides have in common?
Molecular formula
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How are the monosaccharides different?
Their structure
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Same molecular formula but a different structure is...
Isomers
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What does disaccharides mean?
Double sugar
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2 monosaccharides chemically bonded together and a H2O molecule is lost is called...
Dehydration synthesis
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What is the Molecular formula for disaccharides?
C12 H22 O11
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Glucose + fructose = ?
Sucrose and water
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Glucose + galactose = ?
Lactose and water
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Glucose + glucose =?
Maltose and water
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What is sucrose?
Table sugar
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What is the sugar found in dairy?
Lactose
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Sugar used to make beer
Maltose
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What does synthesis mean?
To make
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What does dehydration mean?
To lose H20
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The C-O-C bond that is formed in a dehydration synthesis reaction
Glycosidic bond
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What do you have to do for a dehydration synthesis?
You have to join it where the OH is, remove water from OH
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Breaking down of something by the addition of H20
Hydrolysis
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Many sugars made of 1000's of monosaccharides
Polysaccharides
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Used by plants to store excess sugar
Starch
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Give an example of starch
Bread
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Excess sugar is stored in the liver and muscle cells of animals
Glycogen
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Primary component of wood and plant cell walls. It's indigestible by humans
Cellulose
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What's an example of cellulose?
Corn
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What are the three Monosaccharides?
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Where is glucose found?
in sugar plants
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What are the three Polysaccharides?
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What are the three Dissaccharides?
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How many things can carbon bond with?
4
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How many things can Oxygen bond with?
2 things
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How many things can Hydrogen bond with?
1 thing
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Made of glucose monomers joined together
starch
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