BI 253 Chapter 7

What determines the shape of the cell? Cytomembrane or cytoskeleton?

What are 2 general functions of cell membrane?

What are 2 functions of the phospholipid bilayer?

What does cholesterol do in a phospholipid bilayer?

What are 3 structures that make up a membrane?

What is the name of the model describing the basic structure of a cell membrane?

What factors can effect lateral mvmt of a cell?

What is the effect of saturated & unsaturated fatty acids on fluidity?

What is a lipid raft & what effect does 1 have?

If a protein is embedded into a bilayer it is called what?

If a protein extends thru a bilayer & protrudes on both sides it is an integral membrane protein but more specifically a ___ ___.

___ ___ ___ are assoc but are not integrated w/other proteins & lipids in the bilayer.

With regards to H₂O, integral membrane proteins can be ___, ___ or ___.

Transmembrane proteins have 3 specific domains or areas within a membrane. They are?

Peripheral membrane proteins lack ___ ___ b/c they are not ___ in the bilayer.

Peripheral membrane proteins have ___ or ___ R grps that interact w/integral membrane proteins or phospholipids giving 2 membrane surfaces ___ ___.

A membrane carb bound to a lipid is called a ____ & are used to ____ ___.

What are glycoproteins?

Glycoproteins enable a cell to be what as well as allow for what?

What are the 2 ways cells are able to arrange themselves into grps?

When 1 cell specifically binds to another cell of a certain type it is called ___ ___.

When the relationship between 2 cells is "cemented" it is called ___ ___.

What 2 structures allow cells to recognize each other.

What are the 3 main categories of junctions?

Cellular adhesions form ___.

Describe tight junctions.

Tight junctions seal space between cells & provide the opportunity to what?

Tight junctions restrict migration of ___ ___ & ____ fr 1 region of cell to another.

Desmosomes connect adjacent plasma membranes & create ___ ___.

Describe structure of desmosomes.

Gap junctions facilitate ___-___ ___ between cells.

Describe a connexon.

What are the 2 kinds of transport?

What is the primary difference between passive & active transport?

What is simple diffusion?

Describe facilitated diffusion.

What are the 2 types of passive transport?

What is the definition of diffusion?

What is the definition of equilibrium?

What are the 4 factors that speed of diffusion depend on?

What effect does size of molecules or ions have on diffusion?

How does temp effect diffusion?

What does effect does elec charge have on diffusion?

What effect does concentration gradient have on diffusion?

Diffusion across membranes follow same principles as solutions IF . . . .

What does a free card look like?

Describe simple diffusion.

What molecules do not pass readily across the lipid bilayer?

What do molecules do when moving along a membrane that is permeable to those molecules?

What do molecules do when moving along a membrane that is impermeable to those molecules?

The hydrophobic interior of plasma membrane tends to exclude hydrophilic substances. . .T or F
True False

What is osmosis?

Always remember WATER FOLLOWS ____.

Where is solute greater in hypertonic solution & where will water go w/regards to a cell?

Where is solute greater in hypotonic solution & where will water go w/regards to a cell?

In an isotonic solution, solutes are ___ ___ & ___ of a cell.

Polar & charged substances (do or do not) diffuse across lipid bilayers?

What is facilitated diffusion?

How much energy is needed for facilitated diffusion?

What are the 2 types of facilitated diffusion?

What are 3 characteristics of structure of channel proteins?

Gated channel proteins open when . . .

What are 2 types of gated channels?

What is a ligand?

Once a channel protein is open ions can rush ___ or ___ usually depending on what factors?

How do carrier proteins function?

Active transport is mvmt of ions or molecules ___ concentration gradient w/addition of ___.

What are the 3 active transport systems?

A uniport transporter moves. . . .

A symport transporter moves __ ___ the ___ ___.

Symport transporters are AKA?

Antiport transporters move ___ ___ in ___ ___.

What are the 2 types of active transport?

What differentiates the 2 types of active transport?

Only ___ are transported by pumps that utilize a primary active transport system

Explain how secondary active transport works.

Endocytosis is bringing molecules ___ the cell.

Exocytosis is bringing molecules ___ the cell.

Why can't Proteins, polysaccharides & nucleic acids pass thru membranes?

What are 3 main types of endocytosis?

What is the process by which white blood cells eat bacteria?

Which form of endocytosis is for transport of SPECIFIC molecules?

What are steps in process of endocytosis?

Phagocytic vesicles are called ___.

Phagocytosis is . . . .

The process of cell drinking of non-specific dissolved substances & fluids is called ____.

Specialized integral membrane proteins act as receptors in what form of endocytosis?

A protein that binds to a specific molecule & initiates a biological response is called a ____.

What is a specific molecule that binds to a receptor called?

When a ligand binds to a receptor what 3 things could happen?

In receptor mediated endocytosis, a forming vesicle is called a ___ ___.

A coated pit & a coated vesicle are covered with what?

___ break macromolecules down into their components.