-
A person in the state of shock will show the following signs?
Cool,paleskin; dilated pupils and shallow breathing
-
The following condition frequently accompanies an epileptic seizure?
clenching of teeth
-
When taking the blood pressure on the adult male, the normal range of the systolic will fall between?
120-140 mm
-
Treatment recommended at the onset of respiratory arrest is?
mouth to mouth resuscitation
-
A presentive measure which the assistant can do for the patient who is in an epileptic seizure is?
protect the patient from self injury
-
Prescription writing requires the use of various abbreviations. The abbreviation q.i.d. means?
four times each day
-
When a patient has an acrylic or gold crown lodged in his or her throat, the first thing you should do is?
use abdominal thrusts
-
For post operative dental pain, the most commonly dispensed drug is?
aspirin
-
A bleeding victim will show no harmful effect with the loss of ____ of blood?
one pint
-
The condition which refers to the depressed state of the various body functions is called?
shock
-
In most dental offices, a patient's pulse is obtained from the pressure point at which artery?
radial
-
Syncope refers to?
a lack of blood to the brain
-
If a patient faints, the correct procedure for the assistant to do is?
place the head lower than the rest of the body
-
The normal respiration range for an adult is?
12-20 per minutes
-
When taking an oral temperature using a glass thermometer, the thermometer is left in the patient's mouth for?
5 minutes
-
The first step in a primary survey of an unconscious patient is?
check for open airways
-
Anaphylactic shock is?
a sudden violent allergic reaction
-
An antidote is a?
drug used to counteract the effects of a poison
-
The first aid treatment in an emergency is?
restore breathing, control bleeding, treat for shock
-
In one rescuer CPR, the rate of compressions to breaths are?
15 to 2
-
The average adult will have a normal body temperature reading of ____ when using a glass thermometer?
98.6 degrees
-
With abdominal thrusts, what part of the fist is placed against the patient?
thumb side
-
When checking respiration rate, breathing will appear?
deep and regular
-
A patient walking to the treatment room suddenly collapses, there is no pulse or breathing, you should;
call for help and start CPR
-
The medication being taken by the patient that could create the most serious issues during oral surgery is?
anticoagulant
-
Insulin shock is due to?
decrease in blood sugar
-
An indication that a patient requires CPR is?
lack of pulse
-
A drug that is given to alleviate angina pectoris pain is called?
nitroglycerin
-
Angina pectoris is?
a painful condition in the cardiac region
-
First aid treatment for insulin shock is?
give the patient candy or a fruity beverage like orange juice
-
The abbreviation "q" on a prescription means?
every
-
When giving CPR, the victims head should be?
level with the chest
-
In case of an emergency, the patient should be kept?
normal temperature
-
The most common medical emergency in the dental office is?
syncope
-
A normal diastolic pressure for an adult is ____ millimeters of mercury?
80 mm
-
In the case of an emergency, the patient should be kept lying down until?
determination of seriousness is made
-
To record blood pressure, the reading recorded first is the ___ number?
systolic
-
Another name for a bite-wing x-ray is?
interproximal
-
Lead diaphragms must be small in the x-ray units because?
radiation is decreased
-
The radiograph is underexposed when?
it is light and faint
-
Holding the x-ray tube when exposing film is not safe because?
the tube does not confine radiation
-
A maxillary arch periapical film can be identified by the?
sinus pockets
-
A film is elongated by?
insufficient vertical angulation
-
Milliamperage controls which of the following?
only heating of the cathode
-
A covering of the x-ray film is?
silver bromide salts
-
The occlusal plane of teeth should be placed in what relation to the floor?
parallel
-
To influence the exposure time of a dental x-ray the operator must?
measure the distance of the cone from the target
-
To accurately determine the temperature of the processing solutions the thermometer should be located in the?
wash water
-
If the sinus area is showing on the radiograph, it indicate the film is of the?
maxillary molars
-
The most penetrating x-rays have?
short wave lengths
-
The use of fast speed film?
helps prevent blurring images
-
If a film is not fixed long enough, it will be?
brownish
-
When operating the control switch, how far from the patient must an operator stand to escape the most harmful rays?
6 feet
-
Protection for the patient is provided by?
use lead apron, lead thyrocervical collar and close their eyelids
-
A panoramic radiograph should not be used to?
chart caries
-
A raised button on a film helps to?
mount the film
-
A radiograph with a thin image is difficult to interpret and may be caused by?
too short developing time
-
Results of careless angulation of the tube include?
cone cutting
-
Poor rinsing of x-ray film causes?
spots form on film
-
Radiographs can be safely exposed to light during processing after?
fixing
-
OSHA requires that each office must post?
MSDS sheets
-
An early warning of x-ray dermatitis is?
redness of skin
-
The ideal temperature of solutions used for processing is?
68-72 degrees F
-
The most dangerous radiaton to an operator is?
scattered
-
Exhausted developer will produce a ____ image?
faded and thin
-
Underdeveloping can cause?
light film
-
Operator protection regulations require the operator?
never hold film of patient; avoid primary, secondary, and scattered; must stand 6 feet from x-ray head
-
What mark on the face is used for a maxillary anterior occlusal film?
bridge of nose
-
The organs/tissues most sensitive to ionizing radiation?
reproductive organs
-
To protect film store in container lined with?
lead
-
Radiation flashback on the film is caused by?
necklaces or jewelry
-
Excessively dark films may be caused by?
excessive kVp power
-
If the mA is increased while the kVp and exposure time is kept constant the film will be?
darker
-
The purpose of fixing film is to?
remove uneffective silver salts
-
Air bubbles on the surface of film in developer?
shows as white blotch
-
What metal is used in the construction of the anode target?
tungsten
-
The dental x-rays are the property of?
dentist exposing them
-
What factor determines the penetrating quality of the x-ray beam?
kVp
-
When mounting x-rays with the dot towards you are mounting as if you are?
facing the patient
-
If the mA is increased while the kVp and exposure time are kept constant the film will appear?
darker
-
For those who work with radiaiton, the maximum whole body dose considered permissible is?
0.1 rem/wk
-
The first clinical sign of excessive exposure to radiation is?
erythema
-
X-ray exposure to patients is best reduced by using __ film?
fast
-
An x-ray badge monitors?
radiation exposure
-
The bite wing is designed to show the ____ areas?
interproximal
-
Improper angulation when taking x-rays may result in?
elongation of image
-
The ______ radiograph pictures the entire tooth and surrounding area?
periapical
-
Which processing solution chemically reduces the exposed area of the emulsion, making it visible to the naked eye?
Developer
-
Which processing solution removes the unexposed and undeveloped crystals from the film emulsion?
Fixer
-
In an endodontic procedure, the ___ technique is preferred to reduce distortion?
paralleling
-
Maxillary +45, Mandibular -20
cuspids
-
Maxillary +20, Mandibular -5
molars
-
Maxillary +40, Mandibular -15
Incisor/lateral
-
Maxillary +30, Mandibular -10
bicuspid
-
White light leaks in the darkroom can be checked by a coin test, how often should this test be performed?
Once a month
-
An xray is made up of light gray to white shades. Which interprets the radiograph?
Radiopaque
-
The line from the tragus of the ear to the floor of the orbit is also called the?
Frankfort plane
-
Sinuses, implant evaluation and TMJ assessment are all recorded by what?
Cephalometric radiographs
-
Flat, hard container that holds the film?
Cassette holder
-
Collimator has narrow vertical slit?
X-ray tubehead
-
Outside the x-ray room; includes kV and mA?
Exposure controls
-
Chin rest, notched bite-block, forehead rest
Head positioner
-
Occlusal caries will be more easily detected with a____ & ___than with an xray?
mirror and explorer
-
Proper diagnosis of periodontal disease is done with both ___ & ___?
Radiographs and Examination
-
A _____ tooth can be seen in all stages on a film
developing
-
What is CEJ? and where is it located?
Cementoenamel junction; enamel and dentin meet
-
How often is radiographic equipment inspected by the state of ohio?
once a year
-
What 3 things are being inspected by the state of ohio? (radiology)
- 1. Radiation leakage-machines not broken
- 2. Proper settings-temperature being used
- 3. licence
-
Radiolucent image on a radiographic film located between the premolars on the mandibular arch:
mental foramen
-
Radiolucent image on a radiographic film located between tooth numbers 24 and 25 on the mandibular arch:
lingual foramen
-
Radiolucent image on a radiographic film located between tooth numbers 8 and 9 on the maxillary arch:
incisive foramen
-
The imaginary line evenly divides the face into left and right halves:
Midsagittal plane
-
When looking at the intensifying screens in a panoramic cassette the color that emits faster and decreases the exposure tot he patient is:
green light
-
______was a professor of physics and discovered xrays?
Roentgen
-
_____took the first intraoral radiographs?
Kells
-
_____ developed the bisecting technique?
Rober
-
_____ developed the paralleling technique?
McCormack
-
The open-ended tube, commonly known as the cone, is called the?
PID- position indicator device
-
The process by which atoms change into negatively or positively charged ions during radiation?
ionization
-
High frequency, High energy and High penetrating power
short, hard wavelengths
-
Low frequency, Low energy and Low penetrating power
long , soft wavelengths
-
_____ radiation is the central beam that comes from the xray tubehead?
primary
-
____ radiation forms when the primary xray strikes or contacts any type of matter ( solid, liquid, gas)
Secondary
-
____ radiation deflects from its path as it strikes matter
scatter
-
____ radiation is a form of radiaiton that escapes in all directions from the tube or tubehead
leakage
-
The _____ equals the amount of radiation that will ionize one cubic centimeter of air
roentgen
-
The ____ is an abbreviation for the radiation dose to which body tissues are exposed, which is measured in terms of its estimated biological effects
Sv (seiverts)
-
The period between the exposure and development of biological effects is called the _____ period
latent
-
The most common settings for the kilovoltage (kV) is?
70 to 90
-
The most common settings for the milliamperage are?
10 to 15
-
Circuit boards and controls are located in the ___ of the dental xray unit
control panel
-
During the _____ process, current passes through the cathode filament and heats it to an extremely high temperature
thermionic emission
-
-
Cells that can be affected by radiation are
somatic and genetic
-
____ cells are radiosensitive cells and rapidly divide
basal
-
Using Insight film instead of D-type film reduces the time that the patient is exposed by radiation by up to ___%
60%
-
The degree of darkness on an xray
Density
-
Different shades of gray
Contrast
-
Xray beams escape in all directions
Leakage
-
Negative side hwere electrons will originate
Cathode
-
Solid metal, made of aluminum
Filter
-
-
Directs the flow of xray, made of tungsten target
Anode
-
Hard xrays with short wavelengths
Central beam
-
What are the 5 different sizes of film?
- 1. # 0= Child
- 2. #1= Narrow anterior film
- 3. #2= Adult
- 4. #3= Long bite-wing film
- 5. #4= Occlusal film
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Head tilted up or down
Frankfort plane
-
Error: Ghost image of the spine, not sitting or standing up straight
Correction:Midsaggital plane perpendicular to the floor and centered on the bite block
-
Error: Too far forward and too far backward, teeth not on bite block
Correction: place teeth on bite block and adjust head supports to prevent head from moving
-
Error: Head tilted upward and downward (Frankfort plane)
Correction: Place patient with the frankfort plane parallel to the floor
-
Error: Tongue not on the roof of the mouth
Watch the patient as they swallow and make sure they hold it during exposure
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