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What are the 3 types of joints?
- Fibrous
- Cartilaginous
- Synovial Joints
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what type of joint is fibrous joints
immovable
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what type of joints are synovial joints
freely movable
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Which joint is the only one that has a joint cavity?
Synovial
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Cartilagionous joints are what type of joint
immovable AND slightly movable
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Examples of fibrous joint
- sutures (skull)
- ligament only conections (tibia-fibula)
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examples of cartilaginous joints
- temp. epiphyseal plates
- intervetebral discs
- pubic symphysis
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examples of synovial joints
- intertarsal
- intercarpal
- elbow, ankle
- between phalanges
- radius
- atlas at dens
- metacarpophalangeal "no, come here" (finger motion)
- wrist
- 1st carpometacarpal joint
- hip, shoulder
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6 types of freely movable joints
- plane
- inge
- pivot
- ellipsoid/condyloid
- saddle
- ball & socket
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synovial joint are composed of
- articular cartilage
- joint vavity
- articular capsule
- synovial fluid
- reinforcing ligaments
- nerves & ligaments
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what is a fibrocartilage dividing joint space?
meniscus
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Function of meniscus
- prevents side to side rocking of femur on tibia
- abosrbs shock transmitted to knee joint
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what is a bag of synovial fluid ouside of joint cavity
bursa
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what is the function of a bursa
decrease friction between adjacent structures during joint activity
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what is an elongated bursa around a tendon
- tendon sheath
- like a bun around a hot dog
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what is the function of a tendon sheath
decreases friction around tendon
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what tyme of movement involves intercarpal and intertarsal joints and between the flat articular processes of the vertebrae
gliding movements
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types of movements that increase or decrease the angle between 2 bones
angular movement
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a bending movement decreases the angle of the joint and brings the articulating bones closer together
flexion
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bending head forward on the chest is an example of what type of movement
flexion
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straightening a flexed neck, body trunk, elbow, or knee are examples of what type of movement
extension
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raising the arm or thigh laterally is an example of what type of movement
abduction (abduct = take away)
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spreading finger or toes apart is an example of what type of movement
abduction
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"turning" backward
supination
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"turning forward"
pronation
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A "pro" basketball player pronates his or her forearm to dibble the ball
pronation
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chewing is an example of what type of movement
depression
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touching your thumb to the tip sof the other fingers on the same hand is an example of what type of movement
opposition
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these joints are flat and allow only short nonaxial gliding movements
plane joints
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what are types of plane joints
- intercarpal and intertarsal joints
- CARPALS AND TARSALS
- joints between vertebral articular processes
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elbow joint is an example of what
hinge joint
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proximal radioulnar joint is an example of what
pivot joint
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carpometacarpal joint of thumb is an example of what
saddle joint
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metacarpophalangeal joint is an example of what
condyloid joint
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shoulder joint is an example of what
ball & socket joint
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atlas and dens of axis which allows you to move your head from side to side to indicate "no" is an example of what type of joint
- pivot joint
- C1 moving on C2
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twiddling your thumbs is an example of what type of joint
saddle joint
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a hip joint is an example of what type of joint
ball and socket joint
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when bones are forced out of alignment. accompanied by sprains, inflammation, difficulty moving joint
dislocation
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how to treat dislocations
reduced - ends must be returned to their proper positions by MD
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ligaments of reinforcing a joint are stretched or torn
sprain
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inflammation of a bursa and is usually cause by a blow or friction
bursitis
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inflammation of tendon sheaths cause by overuse
tendonitis
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inflammation of joints
arthritis
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"wear and tear" arthritis. articular cartilage can degenerate
orsteoarthritis
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autoimmune inflammatory disorder
rheumatoid arthritis
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gout usually affects which area of the body
one joint, often great toe
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an inflammatory disease caused by sprochete bacteria transmitted by the bites of ticks that live on mice and deer
lyme disease
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symptoms of lyme disease
- skin rash
- flue-like symptoms
- foggyt hinkingy
- if untreated - neurological disorders and irregular pulse
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What are examples of hinge joints
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Which type of synovial joint is often spraind by ahtletes
saddle joint
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