School Methods Exam 1

Which two states were the first to offer education about speech?

STEM Disciples

The 21st century has brought about a shift from ______ to _____ _____

School-based SLP responsibilities

Transitional grades

First state to offer free and appropriate public education

FAPE

Child labor laws prevented...

1910 saw the recognition of...

WWI and WWII  impacted schools beacause...

What happened with many handicapped children in the 1940's?

ARC

Two critical events for education in the 1950's

Brown v. The Board of Education

first black student in white school

POCD

ESEA

This federal law offered federal funds (grants) for districts to use to boost/support students struggling with reading or math.  Funds went unclaimed.

The first educationally-related Federal
agency

EHA

Bureauof Education for the Handicapped changed their name to ___________________ because _______________

OSERS

Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services (OSERS) 3 major programs:

PARC stands for ______ ________ _______ _____ and wanted ____________in PARC v. Commonwealth of PA.
PARC won!

-1973
-Protects employees from discrimination based on their disability. Employer must make reasonable accommodation but not suffer undue hardship.
-Cannot exclude or deny individuals with disabilities an equal opportunity to receive program benefits or services for which they are otherwise entitled to or qualified for.

FERPA

EHC/EAHCA

EAHCA revisions/extensions- 1986

IDEA

revision of Elementary and Secondary Education Act

No Child Left Behind- 2001

PL 91-230 

PL 93-112

PL 93-380

PL 94-142

PL108-446 

EHA 1974 --> EHA 1986

EAHCA--->IDEA 1990 ---> IDEA 1997 ---> IDEA 2004

CCSS

CCSS seek to ensure what?

start with standards and create goals to bring the child up to standards

create the goals for the child then identify which standards are the best match

standard aligned system

How many standards are there?

standards

establish what all students need to know and be able to accomplish at each grade level.

key measurements within each standard used as targets to assure student learning

identified and span content areas and grade designations. They are declarative statements of enduring understanding for all students at all grades/courses

provides a list of the content necessary for student to achieve the competencies for their grade or course.

provides a list of culminating demonstrations for the entire grade or course. They are what a student should be able to do to demonstrate mastery.

SDI

•Seek to make an overall judgment of progress at the end of a defined period of instruction
•Occur at the end of a school level, grade, or course
•Are administered at certain grades for
purposes of state or local accountability
•Considered high-stakes assessments
•Results are often used in conjunction
with No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP)
•Designed to produce clear data on the
student's accomplishments at key points in his or her
academic career
•Examples of summative assessment: PSSA,Terra Nova
sum of your knowledge

•Assessments are _____when the information is used to…
–adapt instructional practices
–meet individual student needs
–provide individual students corrective feedback
–"reach" set goals and targets
•Monitor student gains toward reaching goals
•Are developed to meet the individual needs of their students and attainment of their goals 
feedback & ongoing
SOAP note

answer the question what
What standards have the students achieved? 
What standards have not yet been met? 
What standards are not being addressed? 
• an efficient measure for  predicting success on state achievement tests, as well as for screening students for possible placement in remediation programs
•assessments provide accountability at the classroom level
•Examples: screenings

•The question that is answered is why? 
Determine the why - by breaking benchmarks down into fundamental skills and analyzing patterns of achievement across multiple measures
Why are there errors?
• suggest instructional strategies that will help individual students and enables the teacher to adjust the curriculum
•Example: Goldmann Fristoe

RTII

RTII tier

6 components of IDEA

asks three Yes/No questions:
Does this child need to be assessed? 
Does the concern justify the time and the expense of assessment?
Does the concern appear to be a cultural difference or a developmental disorder?

It MUST:
involve and include the child;
be tailored to the child, NOT a dx. label;
be done by a multidisciplinary team created for this particular child based on his/her evaluation needs.

asks the questions: 
What are the unique characteristics of this student/child?
Based on these unique characteristics, what are the specific
needsof this student/child?

writing IEP

Individualize the plan by specifying all necessary:
Educational service
Related services and
Modifications and accommodation
Parents participate but professionals make treatment decisions.

asks these questions
Is there any reason that this child cannot be instructed in the regular education classroom?
If so, could this child be instructed in the regular education classroom if additional support i.e., accommodations or modifications, were provided?

If curriculum modifications still do not allow this child to be instructed in the regular education classroom, which alternative placement would be least restrictive

Goal—max growth/learning for child.

NO exceptions to a FREE appropriate
public education.  This includes:

special education
related service -something required in order for the student to benefit from special education (example: visual aids,* hearing aid, transportation, etc.)
will not determine amount of service provided

notices to parents
parental rights
student rights
parental consent
control over records
hearings

parents are to receive invitation to IEP meeting this many days before meeting

number of days to write IEP

who must be present in an IEP meeting?

NOREP