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eringremlin
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warfarin (Coumadin) HIGH ALERT
*anticoagulant
*prevents thromboembolic events by inhibitting action of vitamin K (clotting)
*takes several days to reduce clotting factors in plasma
- side effects:
- abnormal bleeding, cramps, nausea, fever, dermal necrosis
- interventions:
- *assess for bleeding/hemorrhage
- *assess for signs of thrombosis
- *monitor PT and INR frequently
- *monitor hepatic function and CBC periodically
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tramadol
*centrally acting nonopiod analgesic
*decreases pain by inhibiting reuptake of seratonin and norepinephrine in CNS
*around the clock management of moderate to severe pain
- side effects:
- dizziness, headache, constipation, nausea
- can cause seizures and dependence
- implications:
- *assess BP and resp rate before admin
- *assess bowel function frequently
- *monitor for dependence/tolerance
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alendronate
*bone resorption inhibitor
*drug for osteoporosis
*inhibits osteoclast activity
- side effects:
- musculoskeletal pain, diarrhea, nausea, altered taste, pathological fractures if used > 6 months
- implicatications:
- *avoid calcium supplements
- *avoid milkk and dairy products
- *monitor serum calcium levels periodically
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citalopram
*antidepressant
*selective seratonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) in CNS
- side effects:
- apathy, insomnia, anorexia, ab pain, nausea, tremor
- can cause suicidal thoughts
- implications:
- *monitor for mood changes and GI issues
- *assess for sexual disfunction
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metoprolol
---hold for sysBP<110 or apical pulse <60
*antianginal/antihypertensive
*blocks stimulation of beta2(myocardial) receptors
*lowers BP, heart rate
- side effects:
- fatigue, weakness, bradycardia, erectile dysfunction, mental status change, pulmonary edema
- implications:
- *monitor all vitals before admin
- *monitor InO
- *teach patient re: taking vitals, dizziness, hazards of abrubt discontinuing
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lisinopril
---hold for sysBP<110 or apical pulse <60
*angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor
*antihypertensive
*systemic vasodilation by blocking vasoconstrictors *lowers BP/reduces workload of heart
side effects:cough, headache, dizziness, hypotension, rash, increased potassium levels, taste disturbances, angioedema
- implications:
- *monitor BP/pulse
- *monitor electrolytes and CBC
- *watch for signs of angioedema (dyspenia, facial swell)*teach patient re: salt/potassium intake, dizziness, BP readings
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furosemide
*diuretic
*inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride
*treats acute HF by removing large amounts of edema flluid in a short time
- side effects:
- electrolyte imbalance, hypokalemia, aplastic anema
- implications:
- *assess weight, InO, edema, and mucus membranes
- *monitor BP, pulse
- *fall alert for geriatric patients
- *assess for tinnitus, hearing loss
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potassium chloride
*electrolyte supplement
*treats/prevents hypokalemia, alkalosis, muscle weakness, dysrhythmias, cardiac arrest
- side effects:
- nausea, vomitting, diarrhea, confusion
- implications:
- *assess for hyperkalemia
- *monitor serum potassium levels periodically
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