Organic Chemistry Lecture II

What E1 reaction yields synthesis of an alkene?
- Dehydrohalogenation
- alkylhalide + strong bulky base
- - proton ripped and halogen drops off in ONE STEP!!!
What E2 reaction yields an alkene as a product?
- Dehydration of an Alcohol
- alcohol + hot strong acid
- - hydroxyl is protonated leaves as water, carbocation forms, follows Zeitzeff Rule!!!
What is the order of carbocation stability? What confers the stability? What is the name of this rule?

3terciary -- 2secondary -- 1primary -- methyl

"Electron donating" methyl groups.

Zeitzeff Rule
What is the product of a "catalytically hydrogenated" alkene and what type of addition are the hydrogens added?
- A saturated alkane with syn addition.
What reactant oxidizes an alkene and what 3 possible product(s) are yielded?
O₃ozone
- Double bond broken to yield carbonyl group at both ends!
What happens to an alkene when in the presence of a hydrogen halide?

Alkyl halide: electrophilic addition of the least substituted carbon, possible skeletal rearrangement, addition of halide to carbocation.
When does addition of a hydrogen halide proceed anti-Markomnikov?

Radical Reaction: In the presence of Peroxides and ONLY H-Br will add anti-Markov.
How is an alcohol synthesized from an alkene?

Hydration of an alkene: Cold dilute acid will protonate the least substituted carbon and the resulting carbocation will bind to the hydroxyl group.

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Organic Chemistry Lecture II

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Continually expanding understanding of ORGO material for MCAT

Updated

5/7/2010, 3:49:01 AM

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