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motivation
the force that moves people to behave, think, and feel the way they do. it is energized, directed and sustained
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instinct
an innate (unlearned), biological pattern of behavior that is assumed to be universal throughout a species
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drive
an aroused state that occurs because of a physiological need; internal state that arises in repsone to an organisms physicla needs
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drive reduction theory
developed by Clark Hull; explains that as a drive becomes stronger, we are motivated to reduce it; obtain homeostasis
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homeostasis
body's tendency to maintain an equilibrium, or steady state
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set point
the weight maintained when no effort is made to gain or lose weight; normal fat cells 30-40, obese 80-120 billion
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anorexia nervosa
eating disorder that involves the relentless pursuit of thinness through starvation; weighs less than 85% of expected weight
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bulimia nervosa
an individual consistantely follows a binge-and-purge eating pattern
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maslow's hierachry of needs
- human needs must be satified in the following sequence:
- physiological needs
- saftey
- love and belongingness
- eestem
- self-actualization
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goal setting
setting goals, planning for their implementation and monitoring progress; set goals that are specific/challenging
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emotions
feeling or affect, that can involve physiological arousal, such as fast heartbeat, conscious experience( thinking about being in love) and behavioral (smile)
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which side of brain handles emotion
right side
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james-lange theory (physiological aspects of emotion)
emotion results from physiological states triggered by stimuli in the enviroment; emotions occur after physicolocial reactions
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cannon-bard theory (physiological aspects of emotion)
proposistion that emotion and physological reactions occur simultaneously; body plays less of a role
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six basic emotion
- happiness
- anger
- sadness
- suprise
- disgust
- fear
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display rules
sociocultural standards that determine when, where and how emotions should be expressed
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hardest emotion to control?
anger
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emotional intelligence
- one's ability to motivate self
- to persist in face of frustration
- control impulses
- delay gratification
- regulate one's mood
- control emotions
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intrinsic motivation
based on internal factors such as organisimic needs (autonomy, comptence, relatedness) as well as curosity, challenge and effort
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extrinisc motivation
external incentives such as rewards/punishments; motivated for payoff
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resilience
a person's ability to recover from or adapt to difficult times
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