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What are the boundaries of the VC?
- Anterior = Vertebral bodies, PLL and IV Discs
- Laterally = Pedicles, facets
- Posterior = laminae and ligamentum flavum
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What is the start and end points of the VC?
- Start = Foramen magnum
- End = S4 (Sacral Hiatus)
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What is the end point of the spinal cord?
L1, medulla cone
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What is the biggest enlargment of the spinal cord and where is it located?
Cervical enlargment (C3-T1)
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where is the lumbar enlargment?
- S C level L1-S3
- V level T10-T12
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Where are pseudo unipolar neurons, bipolar, and mulit polar neurons located?
- Pseudo unipolar = dorsal root ganglion
- Bipolar = Special sensory
- Multipolar = everywhere else
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What are the three neural systems?
- Motor system (travels down through spinal cord)
- Upper motor neurons (controls LMN)
- Lower motor neurons (control muscles)
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Where are primary sensory neurons and secondary sensory neurons located?
- Primary = dorsal root ganglion
- Secondary = dorsal horn
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How many bilaterally-paired spinal nerves are there?
31
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What is the superficial meninge of the spinal cord and what are the start and end points?
- Dura mater
- Starts at foramen magnus ends at S2 and is anchord to coccyx by external filum terminale
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Where is the arachnoid mater located?
On the interior of the dura mater extending from foramen magnum to S2
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Where is the pia matter located? What are its specializations
- innermost covering of the spinal cord
- ends at L1
- has internal filum terminalis that anchors spinal cord and deticulate ligaments that anchor spinal cord to arachnoid mater
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Where is the epidural space located? and what does it contain?
- Between the dura mater and the vertebral periosteum
- Contains fatty tissue and venous plexuses
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Where is the sudural space? what does it contain?
- between the dura mater and arachnoid mater
- contains lubricating fluid
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Where is the subarachnoid space and what does it contain?
- Between arachnoid matter and pia matter
- Contains CSF
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What is the lumbar cistern? what does it contain?
- The portion of the dural sac (subarachnoid space) between L1 and S2
- It contains CSF, cauda equina, internal filum terminalis
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What is hydrocelphalus?
Excess volume or pressure of CSF
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What does the anterior spinal artery innervate?
- Both ventral roots
- accounts for 2/3 blood supply
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What do the posterior spinal arteries innervate?
- each innervates the ipsilateral dorsal horn?
- Each constitute 1/6 blood supply
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