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Who are two main contributors to the periodic table?
- Dmitri Mendeleev
- Henry Moseley
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Dmitri Mendeleev arranged the ________ perioid table in order of ____________________.
- first periodic table
- order of increasing atomic masses
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Henry Moseley arranged _________ periodic table in order of ___________.
- Today's periodic table
- arranged in order of increasing atomic numbers
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What is the difference between Mendeleev's table and Moseley's table?
Mendeleev arranged his table by increasing atomic masses Moseley arranged his table by increasing atomic numbers
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Elements in the same period do not have the same ___________.
properties
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The 1st element in a period is very _________.
very active period
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last element in a period is very _______.
very inactive gas
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Where is familes/groups located?
vertical columns on periodic table
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When are properties similar?
Are similar when moving down a group
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Where is alkali metals located?
group 1 metals
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where are alkaline earth metals located?
group 2 metals
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Alkali metals have how many valence electrons? Does it give up or gain when bonding?
1 valence electron. Gives up this electron when bonding with other atoms.
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What group of elements are very reactive with water and very soft?
alkali metals
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Notes: Alkali metals burned if touched.
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Where is alkali metals never found in?
never found alone in nature.
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Where is alkaline metals stored?
stored in gasoline or kerosene.
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When alkaline earth metals bond, do they gain or lose electrons.
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usually gives up the 2 valence electrons when bonding
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Notes: Alkaline earth metals is slower to react than alkali
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Where is alkaline earth metals located?
found in earth's crust & in minerals
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Alkaline earth metals are what than group 1 elements?
harder
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Notes: Most familiar metals are transitions:, iron, gold, silver
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What element is used in skull plates
Tantalum
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Which kind of metals is harder than alkali metals
transition metals
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Transition metals are ______ reactive with water than alkali metals
less reactive
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What is transiton metals used for?
used for structure purposes.
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What element is used on hip replacement?
Titanium (Ti)
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What is the family name for family 13?
Boron family
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What does the boron family include?
includes aluminium, the mose common metal in the Earth's outer layer.
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What is the name for family 14?
Carbon family
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In the carbon family what will the valance electrons do when bonding?
will give electrons to another atom or take electrons from another atom when bonding
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What is the name for the family 15.
nitrogen family
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What will happen to the nitrogen family when bonding
will take electrons from another atom when bonding.
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What is the name for family 16?
chalcogen are forming
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What 2 elements are commonly found in ores.
oxygen and sulfur- top 2 elements
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What will happen to family 16 when bonding?
will take electrons from another atom when bonding
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What is the name for family 17?
halogens
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what does haologens mean
salt forming
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Why don't noble gases react with other elements?
Because they are very stable. Have a full outer electron shell
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What are the noble gases also known as?
Inert gases
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What do the halogens do with electrons when bonding?
will take electron during bonding
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How many valence electtrons do halogen elements have?
7
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Which elements belong to the nitrogen family?
Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth
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What are the halogen elements used for?
Iodine and bromine used in halogen lamps because it allow tungsten filament to brighter without burning out quickly
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WHat is the name of the family of elements that will give up or take elctrons from other atoms
family 14, carbon family
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What type of elements, metal, nonmetal, or metalloid, are the elements in the boron family?
Metalloid and metal
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What is the name of the family with atoms that have 3 valence electrons
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Of the alkali, alkaline earth and transition metals, which area is least reactive in water?
Transition Metals
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List all of the alkaline earth metal elements?
Berylium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium, Radium
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Between alkali and alkaline earth metals, which is slower to react?
alkaline earth metals
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Which families of elements are harder: alkali or alkaline earth metals?
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Which family of elements is most active?
alkali metals
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List all of elements that are halogens?
Flourine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, Astatine
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What are the two special names for the rare earth metals?
Lanthanide series and Actinide series
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True or false. Hydrogen is a metal at room temp.
false
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What family is rare in nature?
family 17- halogen
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What are diatomic molecules?
molecules that are made up of 2 atoms of the same element
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What are the 7 diatomic molecules we are going to be working with?
- H2- Hydrogen
- N2-Nitrogen
- O2-Oxygen
- F2- Fluroine
- Cl2- Chlorine
- Br2- Bromine
- I2- Iodine
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What are the types of bond?
Convalent- electrons are shared between two nonmetal atoms
Ionic- Electrons are transformed between a metal atom and a nonmetal atom.
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What element are used in fireworks?
transition metals
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Transition metals have________ compounds
and describe.
- colorful compounds
- Harder and more brittle than group 1 or 2.
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What period is used in LEDS?
Lanthanide Series- 6th period
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What period does the Lanthanide series begin with?
57,lanthanum (La)
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Elements in Lanthanide series have similar what?
similiar physical and chemical properties.
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Where is Lanthanide series located?
usually found mixed together in the same locations in Earth
Because properties are so similar the mixtures are difficult to seperate, however recently they have been used in LED'S of laptops
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Define metals?
shiny,mallerable, ductile, good conductors, high melting points and boiling points, usually solids.
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Metals tend to what?
tend to form postive ions when they bond.
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Define malleable?.
- hammered into thin sheets.
- can change the shape of it.
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Define ductile?
drawn into thin wires.
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Describe nonmetals
- not shiny
- nonmalleable
- not ductile
- poor conductors
- low melting and boiling points
- nonmetals tend to form negative ions
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Define metalloids
elements that are not metals or nonmetals but have properties of both
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