Pharm antibiotics

oral

• Give IV
• Monitor K, and Na
• Careful in pt with HF and HTN

• Long acting, 2-3wks
• Suspension- released over time= give IM

• MRSA resistant to these
• take Dicloxacillin on an empty stomach

Causes Diarrhea-take with food

Monitor NA

careful in HF and HTN

• start with "ceph" or "cef"
• contain beta lactam ring
• cant give to pt. who hv severeallergy to penicllin or Carbapenems 
• ADRS: Nausea (give w/food), thrombophlebitis (rotate INJ site), pain at INJ site(ceftriaxone) (mix w/litocaine)
• as generation increases- becomes broader

• End in Penem
• Very broad! (can cause supra- infections)
• has beta lactam
• ADRS: well tolerated, GI upset, allegry, supra infections,
• **Seizures in renal impairement if dose not adjusted (decreased)

• end in cycline
• dont give to kids under 8 y/o (injure developing bones and teeth), or pregnant pts
• ADRS: photosensitivity (burn easy)(sunscreen, hat, etc.), injur developing bones and teeth (noone under 8 and pregnant), GI/hepatic SEs if long term (monitor LFT), yeast infections (supra-infection b/c broad), decrease effects of BC pills

• Tetracylcine-take on empty stomach
• Doxyxline- take w/ food
• **cant take with any kind of metal (Fe, Al, etc.), Ca foods, antacids (take 1 hr before ingesting these, or 2 hrs after)

• end in "thromycin"
• dont give with Coumadin (increase INR-bleeding), Tegretol(increase levels), Theo-Dur(increase levels)

ADRS: GI upset, prolonged QT interval (ventricular dysrhythmia)

• Erythromycin-cheap, many ADRS, 4x a day, many Drug-drug interactions
• Clarithromycin-expensive, some drug-drug, less GI SEs, 2x a day,
• Azithromycin-expensive, fewer drug-drug, 1xa day,  

• end in "cin"
• Give for serious infections (sepsis)
• narrow TI range **monitor peak and trough
• Theraputic level= 4-12, if more serious higher, if less lower
• Cant mix in IV w/PCN
• Interations: Loops ( ototoxicity + renal failure ** if trough >2=toxicity), amphotericin B (renal failure), skeletal muscle relaxants
• ADRS: renal toxicity (check Scr clearance norm=.6-1.2), ototoxicity- cochlear=tinnitus, vestivular=HA 

begins with sulf (ex include bactrim + septra-UTIS)

ADRS: rash(stop-stephen johnsons syndrome), blood abnormalties(CBC), Hemolytic anemia (CBC), photosensitivity (sunscreen, hats, etc), Kernicterus (dont give to kids <2 mo-is a build up of bilirubin), crystals in urine-renal damage(drink alot of water) 

Interactions: warfarin (increases INR-bleeding, Dilantin, oral hypoglycemics 

end in "floxacin" 

ADRS: NVD, CNS-dizzy, confused, HA, seizures (decrease dose in elderly), photosensitivity(hat, sunscreen), tendon rupture/damage to growing cartilage (*dont give to kids<18), liver abnormalities, black box warning 

Interactions: warfarin(increase INR=bleeding), Fe, milk/dairy, antacids (give at different time)

alteranative to PCN for certain serious infections

ADRS: Anibiotic-associated psuedomembranous colitis (c-diff)= watery diarrhea w/blood and mucous (D/C med and give flagyl or vancomycin)

antibiotic and anti-protozoans or parasites 

ADRS: metallic taste, *disulfram reaction if taken w/ alcohol= NV, dizzy, increase HR, SOB (given to acoholics to keep them from drinking), Liver toxicity

• used for serious infections such as C-diff
• Give IV unless c-diff (oral)

ADRs: