med chem test 3

a complex disorder with no single factor as the cause

2 main characteristics of metabolic syndrome

4 metabolic risk factors for metabolic syndrome

major cause of death in the western world

the obvious indicator for susceptibility to plaque buildup

5 causes of hyperlipidemia

degenerative changes in the intima of medium and large vessels

2 characteristics of artherosclerosis

what leads to the lipid rich core of plaque

intraplaque thrombus

mural thrombus

occlusive thrombus

macromolecules that consist of triglycerides and cholesterol non-covalently associated with protein and carbohydrates

natural molecule of lipid

produced by partial hydrogenation of unsaturated oils, margarines, vegetable shortening, frying oils

what is the implication of trans fat

their source is exogenous fat in the diet
90% triglycerides by weight

their source is the liver
60% triglycerides

rapidly produced from chylomicrons and VLDL

major cholesterol carrying protein
50% cholesterol and 10% triglycerides
major concern in hyperlipidemic states and diseases

25% cholesterol and 50% protein and accounts for 17% of serum cholesterol

type of hyperlipoproteinemia with abnormal amounts of chylomicrons resulting in plasma with a creamy top
massive elevated triglycerides

no drugs to treat this type of hyperlipoprotein, treat by decreasing dietary fat

cause of this type of hyperlipoproteinemias is decrease in lipoprotein lipase that clears plasma of chylomicrons

type of hyperlipoprotein with elevated beta-lipoproteins and LDL
normal triglycerides
heavily elevated total cholesterol
clear plasma

type of hyperlipoproteinemia with elevated pre-beta-lipoproteins and LDL+VLDL
triglycerides slightly elevated
heavily elevated total cholesterol
slightly turbid plasma

type of hyperlipoproteinemia that is very common
familial autosomal dominant abnormality often expressed at infanct

type of hyperlipoproteinemias that cause appears to be disturbed catabolism of LDL

type of hyperlipoproteinemia with heavily elevated beta-lipoproteins
abnormal VLDL/LDL compostion
elevated trilycerides and total cholesterol

type of hyperlipoproteinemia that is rare
familial inheritance

type of hyperlipoproteinemia that is treated with dietary restrictions and drugs

type of hyperlipoproteinemia with elevated pre-beta-lipoproteins and VLDL
moderate to heavy elevated triglycerides
normal to elevated total cholesterol
turbid plasma

type of hyperlipoproteinemia that has an unknown metabolic defect

type of hyperlipoproteinemia with elevated pre-beta lipoproteins with chylomicrons present
VLDL elevated
massively elevated TG
slightly elevated total cholesterol
turbid plasma with floating layer of chylomicrons

type of hyperlipoproteinemia with a metabolic defect unknow however clearance of dietary fat is impaired

3 general considerations when considering how to approach antihyperlipidemic agents

5 drug therapy approaches for hyperlipidemia

why are fibric acids and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors not recommended

rate limiting step in the synthesis of cholesterol

generally accepted that lowering of cholesterol levels is best accomplished by

what 2 means do HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors contribute to lowering of LDL

why are statins contraindicated in pregnancy

side effect of statins

can you drink alcohol when on statins

lipophilic statins

which statins are more hydorphilic

what happens when cholesterol levels drop below 100mg/dl

this is used as a starting material for statin class synthesis and is isolated from penicillium citrinum

a naturally occuring lipid-soluble, vitamin like substance found in the inner mitochondrial anc cellular membranes and in blood

in what sense can fibrates be used cardiovascularly

new mechanism by which fibrates may act

gene mutation that can have an affect on statin induced myopathy