Dendro week 7

  1. Lepidote
    covered with small, rough scales; rough to touch; e.g. autumn olive leaves
  2. Recurved
    curved  or curled backwards or downward
  3. Reticulate
  4. forming an interlacing networ
  5. Scarbrous
    With short, bristly hairs, rough to the touch
  6. Scurfy
    covered with minute scales
  7. Terminal bud
    Bud at apex of stem
  8. Pseudo-terminal bud
    • False terminal bud
    • The upper-most lateral bud of a twig 
    • Leaf scar and twig scar visible 
  9. Bud scales
    • .External Scales are the protective covering over the immature shoot
    • Important for identification
    • Identify age of twig
  10. Identiy family
    Not
     currently a ‘timber-contributing group’
    Leaves:
    simple, alternate, deciduous, stipulate; petioles often glandular
    Flowers:
    imperfect, dioecious, ane- or entomophilous,
    both sexes in separate aments appearing before leaves, each flower subtended by
    a bract, staminate flowers 1-many stamens; pistillate
    flowers with 2-4, 2-lobed stigmas
    Fruit:
    1-celled, 2-4-valved capsule with comose
    seeds wind-dispersed late spring or early summer; must be kept moist or lose
    viability, rapid germination 24-48 hours under ideal conditions
    Salicaceae
  11. Two genus in Salicaceae
    • Salix
    • Populus
  12. Identify genus

    Short-petioled, several times longer than wide

    Nectar glands present, bract margins entire

    Capsules not inserted on a disk

    Buds: covered by a single caplike scale, no terminal bud
    Salix
  13. Identify Genus 

    Long-petioled, petioles often flattened, usually about as wide as long

    Without nectar glands; bract margins laciniate

    Capsules inserted upon a cup-shaped disk

    Covered by several imbricated scales; terminal bud present
    Populus
  14. Identify Family 
    Habit:
    trees or shrubs with stellate pubescence

    Leaves:
    simple, alternate, serrate, estipulate, cuneate-obovate

    Flowers:
    perfect, white (pink), fragrant, in racemes, actinomorphic, entomophilous,
    5-merous, sepals persistent, anthers open by terminal pores

    Fruit:
    capsule, seeds numerous, winged 
    Clethraceace
  15. Identify genus
    low,
    moist to wet, shady sites

    Upright
    shrub to 10 feet

    Erect
    clusters of white flowers very conspicuous in late summer; spicy, sweet
    fragrance

    Capsules
    persistent into winter with flower’s
    former style still protruding from center
    • Clethra
    • C. alnifolia (sweet pepper bush)
  16. Identify family

    Habit:
    Shrubs, some trees, often able to grow on poor soils (e.g. NJ Pine Barrens)

    Leaves:
    deciduous or persistent, alternate (rarely opposite, whorled), simple,
    estipulate

    Flowers:
    perfect, mostly sympetalous,
    5-parted, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, entomophilous

    Fruit:
    capsule, berry, drupe
    Ericaceae

    • Huckleberries,
    • cranberries, blueberries, laurel, rhodos
  17. Identify genus

    Leaves:
    persistent, coriaceous, entire to finely toothed, dark green, pale below

    Flowers:
    white, urn-shaped, drooping terminal panicles in spring

    Fruit: an
    orange-red drupe

    Bark:
    dark reddish brown, dividing into thin scaly plates
    Arbutus
  18. Identify genus

    Leaves: lanceolate-elliptic,
    serrulate
    especially towards apex; petiole and midrib (on leaf underside) hairy; sour
    tasting; dark red to scarlet or yellow in fall

    Flowers:
    white, urn-shaped on elongated terminal panicles; valued for honey

    Fruit:
    gray capsules erect on panicle (infructescence)

    Bark:
    longitudinally furrowed, blocky on large trees

    Small
    to medium-sized tree, 50’, 12”dbh;
    moderately intolerant
    Oxydendrum- sourwood
  19. Identify genus
    Habit:
    shrubs or small trees

    Leaves:
    evergreen or deciduous, alternate (sometimes appearing in pseudowhorls),
    entire or toothed

    Flowers:
    showy, entomophilous, perianth
    5-lobed, calyx minute, corolla showy, anthers open by terminal pores

    Fruit:
    capsules, seeds scale-like
    Rhohodendron
  20. Identify genus
    Leaves:
    alternate, opposite, whorled, entire usually coriaceous

    Flowers: perianth
    5-parted, calyx deeply lobed, corolla rotate, crateriform,
    shallowly-lobed, stamens 10, the short anthers at first fitting into sacs in
    corolla

    Fruit:
    ovoid-globose
    capsule indented at top
    Kalmia - laurel
  21. Identify Genus
    Leaves
    with yellow-glandular, glistening dots

    Fruit
    with ca. 10 hard seeds

    50
    species, New World
    Huckleberries- Gaylussacia
  22. Identify genus 

    Leaves
    with no yellow glands

    Fruit
    with many tiny seeds

    400+
    species
    Blueberries, cranberries, deerberries- vaccinium
  23. Identify family
    Habit:
    trees, shrubs with milky sap

    Leaves:
    alternate, simple, usually estipulate, entire, coriaceous, often with
    cross-shaped hairs, evergreen or deciduous

    Flowers:
    small, perfect, in clusters, white, entomophilous, perianth
    4-12-merous, connate, stamens 3-many, 2-many carpellate

    Fruit:
    berry with 1-several large seeds

    Manilkara
    zapota:
    N.W.
    tropics, edible fruits and chicle
    latex; cultivated in tropics
    Sapotaceae
  24. Identify genus
    Leaves: on
    spur (sometimes spiny) branches, tardily deciduous, elliptic-ovate, base cuneate,
    entire, dark green above, gray-rusty hairy below

    Flowers:
    bell-shaped, on long pedicles

    Fruit:
    elliptical, black berry with only one seed developed

    B. lanuginosa
    (gum
    bumelia,
    woolly buckthorn) FL, TX, MS, KS; medium tree, 50’, 12”dbh;
    wood: very hard; cabinets, tool handles; Bumelia:
    Greek name for ash
    Bumelia
  25. Identify Family

    Leaves:
    alternate, simple, entire, estipulate, venation finely reticulate (visible on
    underside)

    Flowers:
    perfect or imperfect (if imperfect usually dioecious),
    small actinomorphic, perianth 3-7
    parted, each connate, stamens 3-many, entomophilous

    Fruit:
    plump berry with large, flat seeds, edible, calyx attached

    Wood:
    hard and dark
    Ebenaceae- Ebony family
  26. Identify genus
    Fruit: see
    family; globose,
    oblong to pyriform,
    1-10 seeds, subtending calyx leathery to woody, strongly astringent at first
    but sweeter after the leaves drop later in season.

    Bark:
    small, square blocks
    Persimmmon- Diospyros
  27. Identify Family
    Habit:
    shrubs or small trees

    Leaves:
    alternate, simple, estipulate, usually stellate hairs

    Flowers:
    white, perfect, regular, perianth 4-8
    distinct or connate, stamens 4-many, usually epipetalous, carpels 3-5 connate, entomophilous

    Fruit:
    capsule, dry-fleshy drupe (rarely samara)

    Bark:
    usually resinous
    Styracaceae (Storax Family)
  28. Identify genus
    Habit:
    shrub or small tree

    Perianth
    4-merous, calyx almost completely adherent to ovary

    Fruit:
    winged

    6
    sp. U.S., Asia; H. tetraptera – carolina silverbell
    Silverbell- Halesia
  29. Identify Genus

    Habit:
    shrubs

    Perianth
    5-merous, half of the calyx adherent to the ovary,

    Fruit: dry,
    not winged
    Storax or snowbell = styrax
  30. Identify Family
    Habit:
    Trees, shrubs, vines, herbs

    Leaves:
    deciduous or persistent, alternate (rarely opposite), simple, unifoliate or
    compound; usually stipulate, stipules often leafy

    Flowers:
    perfect, actinomorphic, perianth
    (4)5-merous, stamens many, hypanthium often present, entomophilous

    Fruit:
    pome, drupe, capsule, follicle, achene, rarely a capsule
    Rosaceae
  31. Subfamilies of Rosaceae
    • Rosoideae:
    • carpels 2-many, superior, fruit not a single drupe (Rubus,
    • Rosa).
    • Prunoideae:
    • carpels 1, superior, fruit a drupe (Prunus)
    • Pomoideae:
    • carpels united into compound inferior ovary; fruit a pome (Amelanchier,Aronia,Crataegus, 
  32. Name genus
    Habit:
    Shrubs or vines usually thorny

    Leaves:
    usually pinnately
    compound 3-11 leaflets

    Fruit:
    achene(s) enlosed in
    the hypanthium (hip)
    Rose-Rosa
  33. Identify genus 
    usually
    prickly

    Leaves:
    usually palmately
    compound 3-5 leaflets

    Fruit:
    aggregate of drupes
    Rubus- bramble, black/rasp berries
  34. Identify Genus

    Habit:
    trees, shrubs

    Leaves:
    alternate, simple, often toothed, usually with two glands on petiole, glands
    also on teeth sometimes

    Flowers: in
    terminal or axillary racemes, umbels, corymbs; before, after or w/leaves

    Fruit:
    thin dry, or thick fleshy one-seeded drupe

    Twigs:
    slender or stout, usually bitter to taste, red to brown, often lenticillate,
    terminal buds present, scales imbricate; lateral buds nearly same size; leaf
    scars semicircular, w/scattered bundle scars, pith homogeneous; spur growth
    common

    Bark:
    lenticels present, can be birch-like
    Prunus
  35. Identify genus

    Habit:
    Shrubs, sm. trees

    Twigs:
    often hairy

    Leaves: are
    elliptic to ovate, thickish
    often pubescent below and on petiole

    Fruit:
    usually rounded and without grit cells
    Malus= apple
  36. Identify Genus
    Habit:
    Shrubs, sm. trees

    Twigs: not
    as hairy, spur shoot often terminating in a spine

    Leaves:
    thinner, more lustrous, nearly glabrous

    Fruit: pyriform,
    grit cells
    Pyrus-pear
  37. Identify genus

    Leaves:
    simple alternate, glandular serrate, slender black glands along the midrib (top
    of leaf)

    Fruit:
    small red-black pome
    Chokeberry- aronia
  38. Identify genus

    Shrubs,
    small trees

    Leaves:
    alternate, glabrous, odd-pinnately
    compound  (13-17 leaflets)

    Fruit: in
    clusters bright red pomes

    Twigs:
    almond odor when broken
    Mountain ash- sorbus
  39. Identify genus

    Habit:
    shrubs, small trees, unarmed

    Leaves:
    simple, unlobed,
    dentate, often pale green

    Flowers: in
    racemes

    Fruit:
    soft, juicy pome, red-purple
    Shadbush- amelanchier
  40. Identify Genus
    Habit:
    shrubs, small trees, often thorny

    Leaves:
    simple, serrate or lobed, darker green

    Flowers: in
    clusters (cymes)

    Fruit:
    hard globose-pyriform pome
    with 1-5 bony nutlets
    Hawthorn- Crataegus
  41. Identify family
    §Habit: large trees to small annual
    herbs, mostly herbaceous perennials

    §Leaves: usually alternate and
    compound; mostly pinnate, many bi-pinnate; stipulate; entire margins,  occasionally serrate

    §Flowers: five generally fused
    sepals, five free petals; indeterminate infloresences; entomophilous; showy

    §Fruit: typically a legume or ‘pod’; also samara, loments, follicles,
    indehiscent legumes, achenes, drupes, berries 
    Fabaceae- the bean or pea family
  42. Identify this subfamily

    §Prosopis - native genus includes the
    mesquites of the Southwest; spiny, leaves and pods edible for wildlife; wood
    hard, durable, used for cooking/aromatic smoke

    §Acacia – native to southern U.S.; large
    genus, tropical, subtropical; extensive uses

    §Albizia – A. julibrissin (mimosa) ornamental, naturalized
    in mid-west and SE U.S.; native to Asia
    Mimosoideae
  43. What is the fastest growing tree?
    Albizia trees
  44. Identify Genus








    150
    sp. Mostly tropical, pantropical

    Leaves: Bipinnate, 6
    -15 in.; leaflet small, 3/8 – 5/8 in., margins entire, folding at night

    Flowers: see
    family characters

    Fruit:
    flat legume, 13-20 cm
    Albizia
  45. Identify genus
    Leaves: Bipinnate, alternate; large up to 32 in.
    long; leaflets 2-2.5 inches with acute apices

    Flowers: appearing after the leaves,
    imperfect (dioecious), white-purple in large panicles

    Fruit: hard, thick legume pod  up to 
    7 in. long, dark reddish brown, seeds embedded in inedible pulp

    Twigs: stout, brown, with large leaf scrs and thick salmon-colored to brown
    pith, 3-5 bundle scars; no term. bud; laterals partly concealed; minute,
    fringed stipule scars

    Bark: gray, deeply furrowed into narrow
    scaly ridges
    • Gymnoclaudus 
    • Kentucky coffee tree-dioecious
  46. Identify genus

    Leaves:
    alt., once pinn.
    compound, mostly spinose-stipulate

    Flowers:
    perfect, in racemes, appearing after the leaves

    Fruit:
    many-seeded, nearly sessile pod, seeds reniform, w/o
    endosperm
    • Robinia
    • Black Locust -pseudoacacia
  47. Identify genus

    Leaves:
    once compound, 20-30 cm, leaflets (5)7-9(11), alternate to subopposite on
    the rachis, 2.5-8” long

    Flowers:
    appearing with leaves, white, fragrant, in long drooping panicles

    Fruit:
    thin, papery, indeh.
    legume, pendent, 1-3”
    Cladrastis
Author
Dorky48
ID
183376
Card Set
Dendro week 7
Description
Dendro lec 7
Updated