Intro and Glycolysis

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  1. Purpose of Aerobic Cell Resp
    to transfer energy from glucose or some other organic molecule to ATP; a cell stores energy in ATP
  2. This transfer is done in approximately __ interconnected chemical reactions, i.e. a __. If all of the energy in glucose was released at once, it would be released in a quantity too alarge for the clel to use. By releasing the energy in small amounts, more can be used by the cell.
    • twenty
    • biochemical pathway
  3. In brief, when a glucose molecule interacts chemically with O2, what happens?
    This is, in essence, __ of glucose. In the process, the chemical bond energy in glucose is __ and the cell __ it in molecules of __.
    • the glucose splits apart and its atoms are regrouped into CO2 and H20
    • "controlled burning" 
    • released
    • captures
    • ATP
  4. What is the efficiency of Aerobic Cell Resp?
    a molecule of glucose contains enough energy to make about 100 ATP molecules
  5. When burned in a flask, what happens?
    100% of the energy in a glucose molecule is released in the forms of heat and light
  6. In aerobic cellular respiration, a cell typically banks only about __ of gluocse molecule's energy in __. Net yield is __ molecules of ATP for each glucose molecule respired. Most of hte remaining energy is __ and lost from the organism. 
    • 40% 
    • ATP
    • 36 
    • converted to heat
  7. Alhtouigh this efficiency may seem low, it is higher than most mechanical engines. For example, the efficiency of an automobile engine is baout __.
    25%
  8. The entire process of aerobic resp., starting with glucose and ending with __, __, and __ occurs in three main stages: __?__
    • CO2
    • H20
    • ATP
    • Glycolysis
    • Krebs cycle
    • ETC
  9. __ is the most universal form of energy metabolism; it occurs in most, if not all, organisms and occurs in the __.
    • glycolysis
    • cytosol
  10. No __ is required for glycolysis to occur.
    02
  11. Glycolysis begins respiration by __.
    __ chemical reactions are needed to accomplish this. Each molecule of __ contains __ carbon atoms.
    • breaking glucose into two molecules of pyruvate
    • ten
    • pyruvate
    • three
  12. BEcause two molecules of pyruvate contain less energy than one molecule of glucose, energy is __ in this series of reactions. That energy is used to drive two types of __ reactions: __?__
    • released
    • endergonic
    • 1) synthesis of ATP directly
    • 2) synthesis of NADH+ H+ from NAD+, which shuttles electirons to the ETC; those electrons carry energy that is used to make ATP
  13. Glycolysis will not continue without what?
    supply of NAD+ and ADP
  14. Net gain to cell per glucose molecule due to glycolysis
    • 2 pyruvate
    • 2 ATP
    • 2 NADH
  15. Glycolysis couples the exergonic reaction of __ to the ender gonic reaction of __.
    • ATP to ADP and Pi
    • glucose to another molecule
  16. Nad+ to NADH is (oxidized/ reduced)?
    reduced
  17. In which step of glycolysis is heat lost?
    Step eight
  18. In which steps is energy stored?
    step six is first step and step seven

Card Set Information

Author:
 DesLee26
ID:
 183577
Filename:
 Intro and Glycolysis
Updated:
 2012-11-14 07:11:56
Tags:
Cell Resp
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Description:
Bio
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