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Bones of the Schoulder Girdle
Scapula, clavicle and sternum
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Clavicle
- Last bone to ossify (21 years)
- attaches to sternum and Scapula
- Transmits shocks from upper limb to the axial skeleton
- medial 2/3 or convex anteriorly
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how does clavical differ from other long bones
- ossifies with cartilage
- no marrow cavity
- no medullary cavity
- spongy bone shell of compact bone`
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ligaments attached to Clavical
- sternoclavicular
- interclavicular
- costoclavicular
- coracoclavicular
- acromioclavicular
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Muscles attached to Clavical
- Deltoid
- trapezius
- pectoralis major
- sternocleidomastoid
- subclavius
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fracturing of clavical
- common site is junction between two curves
- lateral fragment displaced downward
- subclavian vien and artery can lie close in relation to fracture site and be damaged
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Cleidocranial dysostosis
- condition in which clavicals are congenitally absent , or imperfectly developed.
- shoulder droop, and can be approximated anteriorly in front of chest
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Scapula
- between 2nd and 7th rib
- triangular flat bone
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Articulations of Scapula
- Acromioclavicular (AC)
- Coracoclavicular
- Glenohumeral (shoulder)
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Ligaments attached to Scapula
- Acromioclavicular
- Coracoclavicular
- glenohumeral
- superior transverse scapular
- spinoglenoid (inferior transverse scapular)
- Costocoracoid (part of the clavipectoral fascia)
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Scapula Bursae
- subscapular- communicates with shoulder joint
- subacromial- communicate with subdeltoid bursa
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Glenoidal Labrum
a fibrocartilaginous rim attached around the margin of the glenoid cavity. it deepends the articular cavity, and protects the edge of the bone
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winged Scapula
- scapula sticks out back
- caused by damage to the long thoracic nerve by weakness in in the serratus anterior muscle
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Bones thsat make up upper limb
- Humerus
- Ulna
- Radius
- Carpal
- Metacarpals
- Phalanges
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Parts of the Humerus
- Upper (Proxmal) end
- Shaft
- Lower (distal) end
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Anatomical Neck
- slight constriction at margin of articular surface and head
- attaches to capsular ligament of shoulder
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Surgical Neck
- it is constricted at the upper end of shaft just below tubercles
- common site of fracture
- axillary nerve and Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery lies medial
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intertubercular sulcus contains
- Long head of the biceps tendon
- synovial sheath of bicep
- Ascending branch od anterior circumflex humeral artery
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Muscles attached to greater tuberosity
- supraspinatus
- infraspinatus
- teres minor
- transverse ligament
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Muscles attached to lesser tubercle
- subscapularis
- transverse ligament
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Muscles in Intertubercular Sulcus
- Pectoralis Major
- Teres major
- Latissimus dorsi
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Muscle attachments to the anterior surface of Humerous
- Caracobrachialis
- Deltoid
- Brachialis
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Attachment to the posterior surface
- Lateral head of triceps brachii
- Medial head of triceps brachii
- long head of triceps brachii
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Surgical Neck fracture (clinical)
Axiallary Nerve
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Middle shaft fracture (clinical)
radial nerve (saturday Night[cruthch] palsy)
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Supracondyla (distal) fracture (clinical)
Median Nerve
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Medial epicondyle (clinical)
Ulnar nerve
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Avulsion fracture fo greater tubercle of humerus (clinical)
Medial rotation
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Neurovascular Bundles that associate with the upper limb
- Axillary nerve / posterior circumflexhumeral artery
- Radial Nerve & profunda brachii
- Median Nerve and brachial artery
- ulnar nerve and superior ulnar collateral artery
- Musculocutanous
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3 parts of shoulder joint
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what joints facilitate shoulder movement
- Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint
- glenohumeral (shoulder) Joint
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what structure keeps the ball and socket joint together, provides mobility, and strength
rotator cuff
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2 slimy sac-like structures that help provide smooth gliding between bone, muscle, and tendon
Bursae
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why is the shoulder subject to easy injury?
ball is too large for socket
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